Article title

Abstract

Keywords

Introduction

Methods

Epidemiological context and prevalence

Influence on vision and quality of life

Definition and etiology of DR

Mechanisms for diagnosis of DME in DR

Angiographic manifestations in DME

Optical coherence tomography

Implications for treatment strategies

Current treatment modalities

Photocoagulation and laser therapy

Intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents

Corticosteroid treatments

The efficacy and limitations of treatment

Diabetic retinopathy interventions

Emerging pharmacotherapies

Gene therapies and individualized medicine

Nanotechnology applications

Conclusion

Funding

References