Ahn JH, Chen BH, Shin BN, Cho JH, Kim IH, Park JH, Lee JC, Tae HJ, Lee YL, Lee J, Byun K, Jeong G-B, Lee B, Kim SU, Kim Y-M, Won M-H, Choi SY. Intravenously infused F3.Olig2 improves memory deficits via restoring myelination in the aged hippocampus following experimental ischemic stroke. Cell Transplant. 2016;25:2129–44. https://doi.org/10.3727/096368916X692230.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alizadeh A, Dyck SM, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Myelin damage and repair in pathologic CNS: challenges and prospects. Front Mol Neurosci. 2015. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2015.00035.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

All AH, Gharibani P, Gupta S, Bazley FA, Pashai N, Chou B-K, Shah S, Resar LM, Cheng L, Gearhart JD, Kerr CL. Early intervention for spinal cord injury with human induced pluripotent stem cells oligodendrocyte progenitors. PLoS ONE. 2015;10: e0116933. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116933.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Andrzejewska A, Dabrowska S, Lukomska B, Janowski M. Mesenchymal stem cells for neurological disorders. Adv Sci Weinh Baden-Wurtt Ger. 2021;8:2002944. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202002944.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Andrzejewska A, Dabrowska S, Nowak B, Walczak P, Lukomska B, Janowski M. Mesenchymal stem cells injected into carotid artery to target focal brain injury home to perivascular space. Theranostics. 2020;10:6615–28. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.43169.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Andrzejewska A, Lukomska B, Janowski M. Concise review: mesenchymal stem cells: from roots to boost. Stem Cells Dayt Ohio. 2019;37:855–64. https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.3016.

Article  Google Scholar 

Askari N, Yaghoobi MM, Shamsara M, Esmaeili-Mahani S. Human dental pulp stem cells differentiate into oligodendrocyte progenitors using the expression of Olig2 transcription factor. Cells Tissues Organs. 2014;200:93–103. https://doi.org/10.1159/000381668.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bai L, Lennon DP, Caplan AI, DeChant A, Hecker J, Kranso J, Zaremba A, Miller RH. Hepatocyte growth factor mediates mesenchymal stem cell–induced recovery in multiple sclerosis models. Nat Neurosci. 2012;15:862–70. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3109.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bai L, Lennon DP, Eaton V, Maier K, Caplan AI, Miller SD, Miller RH. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells induce Th2-polarized immune response and promote endogenous repair in animal models of multiple sclerosis. Glia. 2009;57:1192–203. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20841.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bandyopadhyay S. Role of neuron and glia in Alzheimer’s disease and associated vascular dysfunction. Front Aging Neurosci. 2021;13: 653334. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.653334.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Beites CL, Kawauchi S, Crocker CE, Calof AL. Identification and molecular regulation of neural stem cells in the olfactory epithelium. Exp Cell Res. 2005;306:309–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.03.027.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bergles DE, Roberts JD, Somogyi P, Jahr CE. Glutamatergic synapses on oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the hippocampus. Nature. 2000;405:187–91. https://doi.org/10.1038/35012083.

Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Biswas S, Chung SH, Jiang P, Dehghan S, Deng W. Development of glial restricted human neural stem cells for oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep. 2019;9:9013. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45247-3.

Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Blakemore WF. Pattern of remyelination in the CNS. Nature. 1974;249:577–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/249577a0.

Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brüstle O, Jones KN, Learish RD, Karram K, Choudhary K, Wiestler OD, Duncan ID, McKay RD. Embryonic stem cell-derived glial precursors: a source of myelinating transplants. Science. 1999;285:754–6. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.285.5428.754.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Caiazzo M, Dell’Anno MT, Dvoretskova E, Lazarevic D, Taverna S, Leo D, Sotnikova TD, Menegon A, Roncaglia P, Colciago G, Russo G, Carninci P, Pezzoli G, Gainetdinov RR, Gustincich S, Dityatev A, Broccoli V. Direct generation of functional dopaminergic neurons from mouse and human fibroblasts. Nature. 2011;476:224–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10284.

Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Caiazzo M, Giannelli S, Valente P, Lignani G, Carissimo A, Sessa A, Colasante G, Bartolomeo R, Massimino L, Ferroni S, Settembre C, Benfenati F, Broccoli V. Direct conversion of fibroblasts into functional astrocytes by defined transcription factors. Stem Cell Rep. 2015;4:25–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.12.002.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Chen L-X, Ma S-M, Zhang P, Fan Z-C, Xiong M, Cheng G-Q, Yang Y, Qiu Z-L, Zhou W-H, Li J. Neuroprotective effects of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell transplantation in premature rat brain following hypoxic-ischemic injury. PLoS ONE. 2015;10: e0115997. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115997.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Clayton BLL, Tesar PJ. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell fate and function in development and disease. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2021;73:35–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2021.05.003.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Davies JE, Huang C, Proschel C, Noble M, Mayer-Proschel M, Davies SJA. Astrocytes derived from glial-restricted precursors promote spinal cord repair. J Biol. 2006;5:7. https://doi.org/10.1186/jbiol35.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Davies SJA, Shih C-H, Noble M, Mayer-Proschel M, Davies JE, Proschel C. Transplantation of specific human astrocytes promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury. PLoS ONE. 2011;6: e17328. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017328.

Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dawson MRL, Polito A, Levine JM, Reynolds R. NG2-expressing glial progenitor cells: an abundant and widespread population of cycling cells in the adult rat CNS. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2003;24:476–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1044-7431(03)00210-0.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Deinsberger J, Reisinger D, Weber B. Global trends in clinical trials involving pluripotent stem cells: a systematic multi-database analysis. Npj Regen Med. 2020;5:15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41536-020-00100-4.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dominici M, Le Blanc K, Mueller I, Slaper-Cortenbach I, Marini F, Krause D, Deans R, Keating A, Prockop D, Horwitz E. Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. Cytotherapy. 2006;8:315–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/14653240600855905.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dooves S, Leferink PS, Krabbenborg S, Breeuwsma N, Bots S, Hillen AEJ, Jacobs G, van der Knaap MS, Heine VM. Cell replacement therapy improves pathological hallmarks in a mouse model of leukodystrophy vanishing white matter. Stem Cell Rep. 2019;12:441–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.01.018.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Douvaras P, Fossati V. Generation and isolation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Protoc. 2015;10:1143–54. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2015.075.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Falcão AM, van Bruggen D, Marques S, Meijer M, Jäkel S, Agirre E, Samudyata, Floriddia EM, Vanichkina DP, Ffrench-Constant C, Williams A, Guerreiro-Cacais AO, Castelo-Branco G. Disease-specific oligodendrocyte lineage cells arise in multiple sclerosis. Nat Med. 2018;24:1837–1844. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-018-0236-y.

Farhangi S, Dehghan S, Totonchi M, Javan M. In vivo conversion of astrocytes to oligodendrocyte lineage cells in adult mice demyelinated brains by Sox2. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019;28:263–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.12.041.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ferber S, Halkin A, Cohen H, Ber I, Einav Y, Goldberg I, Barshack I, Seijffers R, Kopolovic J, Kaiser N, Karasik A. Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene 1 induces expression of insulin genes in liver and ameliorates streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia. Nat Med. 2000;6:568–72. https://doi.org/10.1038/75050.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fessler RG, Ehsanian R, Liu CY, Steinberg GK, Jones L, Lebkowski JS, Wirth ED, McKenna SL. A phase 1/2a dose-escalation study of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in individuals with subacute cervical spinal cord injury. J Neurosurg Spine. 2022. https://doi.org/10.3171/2022.5.SPINE22167.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Franklin RJM, Ffrench-Constant C. Regenerating CNS myelin—from mechanisms to experimental medicines. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2017;18:753–69. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn.2017.136.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fu Y, Yang M, Yu H, Wang Y, Wu X, Yong J, Mao Y, Cui Y, Fan X, Wen L, Qiao J, Tang F. Heterogeneity of glial progenitor cells during the neurogenesis-to-gliogenesis switch in the developing human cerebral cortex. Cell Rep. 2021;34: 108788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108788.

Article  CAS  PubMed