Recent Advances in Association Between Vitamin D Levels and Cardiovascular Disorders

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Perge P, Boros AM, Gellér L, et al. Vitamin D Deficiency Predicts Poor Clinical Outcomes in Heart Failure Patients Undergoing Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Dis Markers. 2019;2019:4145821. Published 2019 Oct 13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4145821.

Roffe-Vazquez DN, Huerta-Delgado AS, Castillo EC, et al. Correlation of Vitamin D with Inflammatory Cytokines, Atherosclerotic Parameters, and Lifestyle Factors in the Setting of Heart Failure: A 12-Month Follow-Up Study. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(22):5811. Published 2019 Nov 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225811.

GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 [published correction appears in Lancet. 2019 Jun 22;393(10190):e44]. Lancet. 2018;392(10159):1789–1858. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7.

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Kusunose K, Okushi Y, Okayama Y, et al. Association between Vitamin D and Heart Failure Mortality in 10,974 Hospitalized Individuals. Nutrients. 2021;13(2):335. Published 2021 Jan 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020335.

Costanzo S, De Curtis A, Di Castelnuovo A, et al. Serum vitamin D deficiency and risk of hospitalization for heart failure: Prospective results from the Moli-sani study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018;28(3):298–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2017.11.008.

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•• Gao N, Li X, Kong M, et al. Associations Between Vitamin D Levels and Risk of Heart Failure: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Nutr. 2022;9:910949. Published 2022 May 19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.910949. This is the most recent study demonstrating a statistically significant inverse association between vitamin D levels and HF risk.

Rai V, Agrawal DK. Role of Vitamin D in Cardiovascular Diseases. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2017;46(4):1039–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2017.07.009.

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Hosseinzadeh F, Oskouei NJ, Ghavamzadeh S. An Empirical Study on the Effect of Short-Term Regular Vitamin D3 Supplement Therapy on Blood Pressure and Exercise Tolerance in Heart Failure Patients. Clin Nutr Res. 2020;9(1):20–31. Published 2020 Jan 23. https://doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2020.9.1.20.

Woo JS, Woo Y, Jang JY, Ha SJ. Effect of vitamin D on endothelial and ventricular function in chronic heart failure patients: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2022;101(29):e29623. Published 2022 Jul 22. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000029623.

Moretti HD, Colucci VJ, Berry BD. Vitamin D3 repletion versus placebo as adjunctive treatment of heart failure patient quality of life and hormonal indices: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2017;17(1):274. Published 2017 Oct 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-017-0707-y.

Nolte K, Herrmann-Lingen C, Platschek L, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in patients with diastolic dysfunction or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. ESC Heart Fail. 2019;6(2):262–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.12413.

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Aparicio-Ugarriza R, Salguero D, Mohammed YN, et al. Is vitamin D deficiency related to a higher risk of hospitalization and mortality in veterans with heart failure? Maturitas. 2020;132:30–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.11.005.

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Cubbon RM, Lowry JE, Drozd M, et al. Vitamin D deficiency is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Nutr. 2019;58(6):2535–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1806-y.

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Zittermann A, Ernst JB, Prokop S, et al. Effect of vitamin D on all-cause mortality in heart failure (EVITA): a 3-year randomized clinical trial with 4000 IU vitamin D daily. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(29):2279–86. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehx235.

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Vatakencherry RMJ, Saraswathy L. Association between vitamin D and hypertension in people coming for health check up to a tertiary care centre in South India. J Family Med Prim Care. 2019;8(6):2061–7. [PubMed]. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc23619.

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Liang X, Chen M, Qu P, et al. The Association of Vitamin A and Vitamin D with Hypertension in Children: A Case-Control Study. It J Hypertens. 2018;2018:9295147. Published 2018 Dec 6. [PubMed]. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9295147.

Barale M, Rossetto Giaccherino R, Ghigo E, Procopio M. Effect of 1-year oral cholecalciferol on a metabolic profile and blood pressure in poor-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus: an open-label randomized controlled pilot study. Endocrinol Invest. 2021;44(4): 791–802. [PubMed]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-020-01373-8.

Grübler MR, Zittermann A, Verheyen ND, et al. Randomized trial of vitamin D versus placebo supplementation on markers of systemic inflammation in hypertensive patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021;31(11):3202–9. [PubMed]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2021.07.028.

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Panahi Y, Namazi S, Rostami-Yalmeh J, et al. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Regulation of Blood Pressure in Iranian Patients with Essential Hypertension: A Clinical Trial. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1328:501–11. [PubMed]. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73234-935.

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Kuchulakanti PK, Chaudhuri JR, Annad U, et al. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with primary hypertension: a study from south India. Hypertens Res. 2020;43(5):389–95. [PubMed]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-020-0394-4.

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•• Rendina D, Elia DL, Abate V, et al. Vitamin D Status, Cardiovascular Risk Profile, and miRNA-21 Levels in Hypertensive Patients: Results of the HYPODD Study. Nutrients. 2022;14(13):2683. Published 2022 Jun 28. [PubMed]. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132683. This is the most recent study demonstrating a statistically significant inverse association between vitamin D levels and blood pressure in HTN patients.

Theiler-Schwetz V, Trummer C, Grübler MR, et al. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on 24-Hour Blood Pressure in Patients with Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2022;14(7): 1360. Published 2022 Mar 24. [PubMed]. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14071360.

Shahjehan RD, Bhutta BS. Coronary Artery Disease. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; August 9, 2022.

Khaltaev N, Axelrod S. Countrywide cardiovascular disease prevention and control in 49 countries with different socio-economic status. Chronic Dis Transl Med. 2022;8(4):296–304. Published 2022 Jun 29. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.34.

Bauersachs R, Zeymer U, Brière JB, Marre C, Bowrin K, Huelsebeck M. Burden of Coronary Artery Disease and Peripheral Artery Disease: A Literature Review. Cardiovasc Ther. 2019;2019:8295054. Published 2019 Nov 26. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8295054.

•• Dziedzic EA, Grant WB, Sowińska I, Dąbrowski M, Jankowski P. Small Differences in Vitamin D Levels between Male Cardiac Patients in Different Stages of Coronary Artery Disease. J Clin Med. 2022;11(3):779. Published 2022 Jan 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030779nThis is the most recent study demonstrating a statistically significant inverse association between vitamin D levels and CAD.

• Verdoia M, Nardin M, Rolla R, et al. Prognostic impact of Vitamin D deficiency in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur J Intern Med. 2021;83:62–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2020.08.016. This meta-analysis concludes an increase in CV mortality for every 10 ng/ml reduction in 25(OH)D.

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Ismail HM, Algrafi AS, Amoudi O, et al. Vitamin D and Its Metabolites Deficiency in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography: A Case-Control Study. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2021;17:471–480. Published 2021 Aug 10. https://doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S312376.

Chen S, Swier VJ, Boosani CS, Radwan MM, Agrawal DK. Vitamin D Deficiency Accelerates Coronary Artery Disease Progression in Swine. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2016;36(8):1651–9. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.116.307586.

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Norouzi H, Ziaie N, Saravi M, Norouzi A, Noei S, Jokar darzi F, et al. Association of vitamin D deficiency and premature coronary artery disease. Caspian J Intern Med 2019;10 (1) :80–85. https://doi.org/10.22088/cjim.10.1.80.

Navarro-Valverde C, Quesada-Gómez JM, Pérez-Cano R, Fernández-Palacín A, Pastor-Torres LF. Effect of calcifediol treatment on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous revascularization. Efecto del tratamiento con calcifediol, sobre los episodios cardiovasculares en pacientes revascularizados tras síndrome coronario agudo. Med Clin (Barc). 2018;151(9):345–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2017.11.033.

Lee AY, Kim JK, Kang JH, Yu BY, Kim SJ. Relationship between coronary atherosclerosis in coronary computed tomography angiography and serum vitamin D level. Osteoporos Sarcopenia. 2017;3(3):155–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afos.2017.08.100.

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