Sadana, R. WHO launches Baseline report for Decade of Healthy Ageing. World Health Organization https://www.who.int/news/item/17-12-2020-who-launches-baseline-report-for-decade-of-healthy-ageing (2020).

Michos, E. D., McEvoy, J. W. & Blumenthal, R. S. Lipid management for the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 381, 1557–1567 (2019).

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Tall, A. R. & Yvan-Charvet, L. Cholesterol, inflammation and innate immunity. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 15, 104–116 (2015).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rahman, M. S., Murphy, A. J. & Woollard, K. J. Effects of dyslipidaemia on monocyte production and function in cardiovascular disease. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 14, 387–400 (2017).

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Libby, P. & Ebert, B. L. CHIP (clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential): potent and newly recognized contributor to cardiovascular risk. Circulation 138, 666–668 (2018).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Janssen, H., Koekkoek, L. L. & Swirski, F. K. Effects of lifestyle factors on leukocytes in cardiovascular health and disease. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 21, 157–169 (2024).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Engelen, S. E., Robinson, A. J. B., Zurke, Y.-X. & Monaco, C. Therapeutic strategies targeting inflammation and immunity in atherosclerosis: how to proceed? Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 19, 522–542 (2022).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pasterkamp, G., den Ruijter, H. M. & Libby, P. Temporal shifts in clinical presentation and underlying mechanisms of atherosclerotic disease. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 14, 21–29 (2017).

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Libby, P. et al. Atherosclerosis. Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim. 5, 56 (2019).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Seeley, E. H. et al. Spatially resolved metabolites in stable and unstable human atherosclerotic plaques identified by mass spectrometry imaging. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 43, 1626–1635 (2023).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Hotamisligil, G. S. Inflammation, metaflammation and immunometabolic disorders. Nature 542, 177–185 (2017).

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Koelwyn, G. J., Corr, E. M., Erbay, E. & Moore, K. J. Regulation of macrophage immunometabolism in atherosclerosis. Nat. Immunol. 19, 526–537 (2018).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ketelhuth, D. F. J. et al. Immunometabolism and atherosclerosis: perspectives and clinical significance: a position paper from the Working Group on Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology of the European Society of Cardiology. Cardiovasc. Res. 115, 1385–1392 (2019).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Tabas, I. & Bornfeldt, K. E. Intracellular and intercellular aspects of macrophage immunometabolism in atherosclerosis. Circ. Res. 126, 1209–1227 (2020).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Cooper, B. The origins of bone marrow as the seedbed of our blood: from antiquity to the time of Osler. Proc. Bayl. Univ. Med. Cent. 24, 115–118 (2011).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Coller, B. S. Blood at 70: its roots in the history of hematology and its birth. Blood 126, 2548–2560 (2015).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mehta, M. M., Weinberg, S. E. & Chandel, N. S. Mitochondrial control of immunity: beyond ATP. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 17, 608–620 (2017).

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Dumont, A., Lee, M., Barouillet, T., Murphy, A. & Yvan-Charvet, L. Mitochondria orchestrate macrophage effector functions in atherosclerosis. Mol. Asp. Med. 77, 100922 (2021).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Seita, J. & Weissman, I. L. Hematopoietic stem cell: self-renewal versus differentiation. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Syst. Biol. Med. 2, 640–653 (2010).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Birbrair, A. & Frenette, P. S. Niche heterogeneity in the bone marrow. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1370, 82–96 (2016).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Morrison, S. J. & Weissman, I. L. The long-term repopulating subset of hematopoietic stem cells is deterministic and isolatable by phenotype. Immunity 1, 661–673 (1994).

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kimmel, M. Stochasticity and determinism in models of hematopoiesis. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 844, 119–152 (2014).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Agathocleous, M. et al. Ascorbate regulates haematopoietic stem cell function and leukaemogenesis. Nature 549, 476–481 (2017).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kucinski, I. et al. A time- and single-cell-resolved model of murine bone marrow hematopoiesis. Cell Stem Cell 31, 244–259.e10 (2024).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Elliott, M. R. & Ravichandran, K. S. The dynamics of apoptotic cell clearance. Dev. Cell 38, 147–160 (2016).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Green, D. R., Oguin, T. H. & Martinez, J. The clearance of dying cells: table for two. Cell Death Differ. 23, 915–926 (2016).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Han, C. Z. & Ravichandran, K. S. Metabolic connections during apoptotic cell engulfment. Cell 147, 1442–1445 (2011).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pietrangelo, A. & Ouimet, M. Death eaters rely on metabolic signaling to wield anti-inflammatory responses. Cell Metab. 29, 234–236 (2019).

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Nishioka, K., Masuda, Y., Inokuchi, I., Iyoda, K. & Tanaka, T. A case of monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone associated with epileptic seizure. Acta Med. Okayama 36, 453–462 (1982).

PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Stroope, C. et al. Dysregulated cellular metabolism in atherosclerosis: mediators and therapeutic opportunities. Nat. Metab. 6, 617–638 (2024).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sender, R. & Milo, R. The distribution of cellular turnover in the human body. Nat. Med. 27, 45–48 (2021).

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Doran, A. C., Yurdagul, A. & Tabas, I. Efferocytosis in health and disease. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 20, 254–267 (2020).

Article  PubMed