LoBue C, Wilmoth K, Cullum CM, Rossetti HC, Lacritz LH, Hynan LS, et al. Traumatic brain injury history is associated with earlier age of onset of frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2016;87(8):817–20.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bellomo G, Piscopo P, Corbo M, Pupillo E, Stipa G, Beghi E, et al. A systematic review on the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and neurocognitive disorders in professional and varsity athletes. Neurol Sci. 2022;43(12):6667–91.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Perry DC, Sturm VE, Peterson MJ, Pieper CF, Bullock T, Boeve BF, et al. Association of traumatic brain injury with subsequent neurological and psychiatric disease: a meta-analysis. J Neurosurg. 2016;124(2):511–26.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brett BL, Gardner RC, Godbout J, Dams-O’Connor K, Keene CD. Traumatic brain Injury and Risk of neurodegenerative disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2022;91(5):498–507.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fann JR, Ribe AR, Pedersen HS, Fenger-Grøn M, Christensen J, Benros ME, et al. Long-term risk of dementia among people with traumatic brain injury in Denmark: a population-based observational cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry. 2018;5(5):424–31.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Risacher SL, West JD, Deardorff R, Gao S, Farlow MR, Brosch JR, et al. Head injury is associated with tau deposition on PET in MCI and AD patients. Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2021;13(1):e12230.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bang J, Spina S, Miller BL. Frontotemporal dementia. Lancet. 2015;386(10004):1672–82.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mez J, Daneshvar DH, Kiernan PT, Abdolmohammadi B, Alvarez VE, Huber BR, et al. Clinicopathological evaluation of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in players of American Football. JAMA. 2017;318(4):360–70.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mackay DF, Russell ER, Stewart K, MacLean JA, Pell JP, Stewart W. Neurodegenerative disease mortality among former Professional Soccer players. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(19):1801–8.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Katz DI, Bernick C, Dodick DW, Mez J, Mariani ML, Adler CH, et al. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome. Neurology. 2021;96(18):848–63.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gardner RC, Rivera E, O’Grady M, Doherty C, Yaffe K, Corrigan JD, et al. Screening for Lifetime History of Traumatic Brain Injury among older American and Irish adults at risk for dementia: development and validation of a web-based survey. J Alzheimers Dis. 2020;74(2):699–711.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Asken BM, Mantyh WG, La Joie R, Strom A, Casaletto KB, Staffaroni AM, et al. Association of remote mild traumatic brain injury with cortical amyloid burden in clinically normal older adults. Brain Imaging Behav. 2021;15(5):2417–25.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Soppela H, Krüger J, Hartikainen P, Koivisto A, Haapasalo A, Borroni B, et al. Traumatic Brain Injury Associates with an earlier onset in sporadic Frontotemporal Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;91(1):225–32.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Deutsch MB, Mendez MF, Teng E. Interactions between traumatic brain injury and frontotemporal degeneration. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015;39(3–4):143–53.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kalkonde YV, Jawaid A, Qureshi SU, Shirani P, Wheaton M, Pinto-Patarroyo GP, et al. Medical and environmental risk factors associated with frontotemporal dementia: a case-control study in a veteran population. Alzheimers Dement. 2012;8(3):204–10.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rosso SM, Landweer EJ, Houterman M, Donker Kaat L, van Duijn CM, van Swieten JC. Medical and environmental risk factors for sporadic frontotemporal dementia: a retrospective case-control study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003;74(11):1574–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Asken BM, Tanner JA, VandeVrede L, Casaletto KB, Staffaroni AM, Mundada N, et al. Multi-modal biomarkers of repetitive head impacts and traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome: a clinicopathological Case Series. J Neurotrauma. 2022;39(17–18):1195–213.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Boyle PA, Wang T, Yu L, Wilson RS, Dawe R, Arfanakis K, et al. To what degree is late life cognitive decline driven by age-related neuropathologies? Brain. 2021;144(7):2166–75.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen M, Ohm DT, Phillips JS, McMillan CT, Capp N, Peterson C, et al. Divergent histopathological networks of Frontotemporal Degeneration Proteinopathy Subytpes. J Neurosci. 2022;42(18):3868–77.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McAleese KE, Colloby SJ, Thomas AJ, Al-Sarraj S, Ansorge O, Neal J, et al. Concomitant neurodegenerative pathologies contribute to the transition from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Alzheimers Dement. 2021;17(7):1121–33.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Taghdiri F, Khodadadi M, Sadia N, Mushtaque A, Scott OFT, Hirsch-Reinhagen V et al. Unusual combinations of neurodegenerative pathologies with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) complicates clinical prediction of CTE. Eur J Neurol. 2024:e16259.

Silverman HE, Ake JM, Manoochehri M, Appleby BS, Brushaber D, Devick KL, et al. The contribution of behavioral features to caregiver burden in FTLD spectrum disorders. Alzheimers Dement. 2022;18(9):1635–49.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Galvin JE, Howard DH, Denny SS, Dickinson S, Tatton N. The social and economic burden of frontotemporal degeneration. Neurology. 2017;89(20):2049–56.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rascovsky K, Hodges JR, Knopman D, Mendez MF, Kramer JH, Neuhaus J, et al. Sensitivity of revised diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia. Brain. 2011;134(Pt 9):2456–77.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gorno-Tempini ML, Hillis AE, Weintraub S, Kertesz A, Mendez M, Cappa SF, et al. Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants. Neurology. 2011;76(11):1006–14.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Armstrong MJ, Litvan I, Lang AE, Bak TH, Bhatia KP, Borroni B, et al. Criteria for the diagnosis of corticobasal degeneration. Neurology. 2013;80(5):496–503.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Höglinger GU, Respondek G, Stamelou M, Kurz C, Josephs KA, Lang AE, et al. Clinical diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy: the movement disorder society criteria. Mov Disord. 2017;32(6):853–64.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kramer JH, Jurik J, Sha SJ, Rankin KP, Rosen HJ, Johnson JK, et al. Distinctive neuropsychological patterns in frontotemporal dementia, semantic dementia, and Alzheimer disease. Cogn Behav Neurol. 2003;16(4):211–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lenhard WL. A. Computation of effect sizes: Psychometrica; 2022 [ https://www.psychometrica.de/effect_size.html

Mez J, Daneshvar DH, Abdolmohammadi B, Chua AS, Alosco ML, Kiernan PT, et al. Duration of American Football Play and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Ann Neurol. 2020;87(1):116–31.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Daneshvar DH, Nair ES, Baucom ZH, Rasch A, Abdolmohammadi B, Uretsky M, et al. Leveraging football accelerometer data to quantify associations between repetitive head impacts and chronic traumatic encephalopathy in males. Nat Commun. 2023;14(1):3470.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Montenigro PH, Alosco ML, Martin BM, Daneshvar DH, Mez J, Chaisson CE, et al. Cumulative head impact exposure predicts later-Life Depression, apathy, executive dysfunction, and cognitive impairment in former High School and College Football players. J Neurotrauma. 2017;34(2):328–40.

Article