*Department of Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan;

†Department of Clinical Cancer Genomics, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan;

‡Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; and

§Department of Chemistry, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Correspondence: Yoshihiko Kakinuma, MD, PhD or Yasuhiro Takenaka, PhD, Department of Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan (e-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]).

This work was partly supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JSPS KAKENHI), Grant Number 16K08560, the Smoking Research Foundation, and The Vehicle Racing Commemorative Foundation.

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Designed the experiments: Y. Takenaka; performed the experiments: Y. Takenaka, S. Nakamura, and Y. Kakinuma; analyzed the data: M. Hirasaki and H. Bono; wrote the paper: Y. Takenaka, M. Hirasaki, H. Bono, and Y. Kakinuma.

The set of RNA-seq data has been deposited in DDBJ (https://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/dra/index-e.html) under accession numbers DRR486144-486153.