Nasr A, Ein SH (2011) A pediatric surgeon’s 35-year experience with pilonidal disease in a Canadian children’s hospital. Can J Surg 54:39–42

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ardelt M, Dennler U, Fahrner R, Hallof G, Tautenhahn H-M, Dondorf F, Rauchfuss F, Settmacher U (2017) Die Pubertät ist ein wichtiger Faktor bei der Pilonidalsinuserkrankung. Geschlechtsspezifische Untersuchung der Fallzahlentwicklung in Deutschland 2007 bis 2015. Chirurg 88:961–967

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Oetzmann von Sochaczewski C, Gödeke J (2021) Pilonidal sinus disease on the rise: a one-third incidence increase in inpatients in 13 years with substantial regional variation in Germany. Int J Colorectal Dis 36:2135–2145

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Maasewerd SKM, Stefanescu M-C, König TT, Engels MN, Rohleder S, Schwind M, Heydweiller AC, Oetzmann Von Sochaczewski C (2023) Paediatric pilonidal sinus disease: early recurrences irrespective of the treatment approaches in a retrospective multi-centric analysis. World J Surg 47:2296–2303

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sequeira JB, Coelho A, Marinho AS, Bonet B, Carvalho F, Moreira-Pinto J (2018) Endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment versus total excision with primary closure for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease in the pediatric population. J Pediatr Surg 53:2003–2007

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Speter C, Zmora O, Nadler R, Shinhar D, Bilik R (2017) Minimal incision as a promising technique for resection of pilonidal sinus in children. J Pediatr Surg 52:1484–1487

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Check NM, Wynne NK, Mooney DP (2022) Resolution of mild pilonidal disease in adolescents without resection. J Am Coll Surg 235:773–776

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fike FB, Mortellaro VE, Juang D, Ostlie DJ, St. Peter SD, (2011) Experience with pilonidal disease in children. J Surg Res 170:165–168

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Halleran DR, Lopez JJ, Lawrence AE, Sebastião YV, Fischer BA, Cooper JN, Deans KJ, Minneci PC (2018) Recurrence of pilonidal disease: our best is not good enough. J Surg Res 232:430–436

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fernandes S, Soares-Aquino C, Teixeira I, Monteiro JM, Campos M (2022) Minimally invasive treatment of pilonidal sinus disease in a paediatric population: comparison of two techniques. ANZ J Surg 92:3288–3292

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Salimi-Jazi F, Abrajano C, Garza D et al (2022) Burden of pilonidal disease and improvement in quality of life after treatment in adolescents. Pediatr Surg Int 38:1453–1459

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sahin A, Olcucuoglu E, Seker D, Kulacoglu H (2014) The effect of using methylene blue in surgical treatments of pilonidal disease: a prospective randomized study. Eur Surg 46:148–154

Article  Google Scholar 

Doll D, Novotny A, Rothe R, Kristiansen JE, Wietelmann K, Boulesteix A-L, Düsel W, Petersen S (2008) Methylene Blue halves the long-term recurrence rate in acute pilonidal sinus disease. Int J Colorectal Dis 23:181–187

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brusciano L, Limongelli P, Del Genio G, Tolone S, Amoroso V, Docimo G, Docimo L (2015) D-shape asymmetric excision of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus with primary closure, suction drain, and subcuticular skin closure: an analysis of risks factors for long-term recurrence. Surg Innov 22:143–148

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

König TT, Oerters LS, Spiller L, Schwind M, Born M, Oetzmann Von Sochaczewski C, Heydweiller AC (2023) Epigastric hernias in children and the use of ultrasound in its diagnosis. World Jnl Ped Surgery 6:e000544

Article  Google Scholar 

Arda İS, Güney LH, Sevmiş Ş, Hiçsönmez A (2005) High body mass index as a possible risk factor for pilonidal sinus disease in adolescents. World J Surg 29:469–471

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

López JJ, Cooper JN, Halleran DR, Deans KJ, Minneci PC (2018) High rate of major morbidity after surgical excision for pilonidal disease. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 19:603–607

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Altman DG, Royston P (2006) The cost of dichotomising continuous variables. BMJ 332(1080):1

Google Scholar 

R Core Team (2019) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing

Mangiafico S (2020) rcompanion: Functions to Support Extension Education Program Evaluation

Zanini A, von Sochaczewski CO, Basson S et al (2022) Globalization in pediatric surgical training: the benefit of an international fellowship in a low-to-middle–income country academic hospital. Eur J Pediatr Surg 32:363–369

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Canty A, Ripley B (2019) boot: Bootstrap Functions (Originally by Angelo Canty for S)

Davage ON (1954) The origin of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinuses based on an analysis of four hundred sixty-three cases. Am J Pathol 30:1191–1205

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hardy EJO, Herrod PJ, Doleman B, Phillips HG, Ranat R, Lund JN (2019) Surgical interventions for the treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr Surg 54:2222–2233

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gallo G, Goglia M, Senapati A, Pata F, Basso L, Grossi U (2022) European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) collaborating group (2023) An international survey exploring the management of pilonidal disease. Colorectal Dis 25:2177–2186

Article  Google Scholar 

Lee MJ, Strong EB, Lund J, Hind D, Brown SR, the PITSTOP Management Group (2023) A survey of treatment preferences of UK surgeons in the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease. Colorectal Dis 25:2010–2016

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Huurman EA, Galema HA, De Raaff C, Toorenvliet B, Smeenk R (2022) Assessment of surgical strategies for pilonidal sinus disease in the Netherlands. Cureus 14:e25050

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schneider R, Dettmer M, Peters N, Lamdark T, Luedi MM, Adamina M, Doll D (2022) The current status of surgical pilonidal sinus disease therapy in Germany. Eur Surg 54:117–125

Article  Google Scholar 

Odlo M, Horn J, Xanthoulis A (2022) Surgery for pilonidal sinus disease in Norway: training, attitudes and preferences—a survey among Norwegian surgeons. BMC Surg 22:442

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lamdark T, Vuille-dit-Bille RN, Bielicki IN, Guglielmetti LC, Choudhury RA, Peters N, Doll D, Luedi MM, Adamina M (2020) Treatment strategies for pilonidal sinus disease in Switzerland and Austria. Medicina 56:341

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nyandoro MG, Teoh M, Thompson A, Fletcher D (2023) Surgical practice parameters for the definitive management of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease: surgeons’ perspective. Cureus 15:e3480

Google Scholar 

Ardelt M, Kocijan R, Dittmar Y, Fahrner R, Rauchfuss F, Scheuerlein H, Settmacher U (2016) Effects of methylene-blue staining on the extent of pilonidal sinus excision. J Wound Care 25:342–347

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alptekın H, Acar F, Sahın M, Yilmaz H, Kafali ME, Beyhan S (2012) Specimen index may be a predictive factor for recurrence after primary closure of pilonidal disease. J Korean Surg Soc 83:367

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Alptekin H, Yilmaz H, Kayis SA, Sahin M (2013) Volume of the excised specimen and prediction of surgical site infection in pilonidal sinus procedures (surgical site infection after pilonidal sinus surgery). Surg Today 43:1365–1370

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nyandoro MG, Thompson A, Teoh M, Fletcher D (2019) Pilonidal sinus disease (PNS): A nine year multi-centre experience and patient perspective. ANZ J Surg 89:58

Google Scholar 

Zagory JA, Golden J, Holoyda K, Demeter N, Nguyen NX (2016) Excision and primary closure may be the better option in the surgical management of pilonidal disease in the pediatric population. Am Surgeon 82:964–967

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ozcan R, Hüseynov M, Bakır AC, Emre S, Tütüncü C, Celayir S, Tekant GT (2018) Which treatment modality for pediatric pilonidal sinus: primary repair or secondary healing? Asian J Surg 41:506–510

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Umesh V, Sussman RH, Smith J, Whyte C (2018) Long term outcome of the Bascom cleft lift procedure for adolescent pilonidal sinus. J Pediatr Surg 53:295–297

Article