Advances in Pharmacology and Pharmacy Vol. 12(4), pp. 351 - 358
DOI: 10.13189/app.2024.120407
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Jelin Vilvest *, M. C. John Milton , Alex Yagoo
PG & Research Department of Advanced Zoology & Biotechnology, Loyola College (Autonomous), India

ABSTRACT

Mosquito-borne diseases pose a serious global health threat, with millions of people affected and a significant number of fatalities each year, underscoring the urgent need for effective control and prevention measures. Conventional mosquito control methods, such as synthetic insecticides, are often ineffective and can have harmful environmental impacts. Therefore, there is a need for the development of new, safe, and effective mosquito control strategies. The objective of this study was to facilitate the advancement of more effective methods for controlling mosquitoes. This study comprehensively assessed the efficacy of successive hexane, chloroform, and methanol extracts derived from Melia azedarach leaves against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. M. azedarach is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used to treat a variety of ailments. Successive extracts of M. azedarach leaves were prepared using a Soxhlet apparatus. Evaluations of the extracts' larvicidal, pupicidal, and ovicidal properties against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquito vectors were conducted. For each extract, lethal concentration 50 (LC50) values were calculated against the two kinds of mosquitoes. The results of this study showed that extracts of methanol and hexane demonstrated notable larvicidal efficacy against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, with LC50 values ranging from 113.8 to 135.3 ppm. Additionally, the extract of chloroform showed moderate pupicidal activity as opposed to both types of mosquitoes. However, none of the extracts demonstrated substantial ovicidal activity. The extracts of M. azedarach leaves in methanol and hexane demonstrate potential as potent larvicidal agents against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, although the extract in chloroform shows a modest level of pupicidal action. Additional investigation is required to ascertain the active constituents and authenticate these observations under real-world circumstances. These extracts could be used in various mosquito control products, contributing to the fight against diseases like dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile virus and bolstering global health efforts. The significance of this research is highlighted by their potential involvement in integrated mosquito management programmes, underscoring the need for further research and useful applications to reduce the incidence of mosquito-transmitted diseases.

KEYWORDS
Melia azedarach Leaves, Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, Extracts

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Jelin Vilvest , M. C. John Milton , Alex Yagoo , "Assessing the Efficacy of Melia azedarach Leaf Extracts as a Mosquito Control Agent Against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus," Advances in Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 351 - 358, 2024. DOI: 10.13189/app.2024.120407.

(b). APA Format:
Jelin Vilvest , M. C. John Milton , Alex Yagoo (2024). Assessing the Efficacy of Melia azedarach Leaf Extracts as a Mosquito Control Agent Against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Advances in Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 12(4), 351 - 358. DOI: 10.13189/app.2024.120407.