RESEARCH PROGRESS OF CURCUMIN IN THE TREATMENT OF SEPSIS

Sepsis is a life-threatening infectious disease and its pathogenesis is still incompletely understood. Curcumin has anti-inflammatory effects and might be efficient in sepsis therapy. Tao et al. (pp. 805–816) summarize the current knowledge on the use of Curcumin in sepsis therapy.

INTERPRETABLE MACHINE LEARNING FOR PREDICTING RISK OF INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTION IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY BASED ON MIMIC-IV DATABASE

The delayed diagnosis of invasive fungal infection is highly correlated with poor prognosis in patients. In this retrospective study, Cao et al. (pp. 817–827) developed a clinical prediction model for invasive fungal infections in critically ill patients based on machine learning algorithms.

HAPTOGLOBIN DEPLETION DURING THE FIRST SEVEN DAYS OF VENO-VENOUS ECMO THERAPY IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED MORTALITY AND ADVERSE OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH ARDS

Haptoglobin can scavenge released cell-free hemoglobin that is generated during hemolysis, a frequent complication in patients with sepsis, ARDS, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Bünger et al. (pp. 828–835) investigated the association between Haptoglobin levels and outcome in patients with ARDS.

CENTRAL VENOUS-TO-ARTERIAL CARBON DIOXIDE PARTIAL PRESSURE DIFFERENCE AS A GUIDING PARAMETER FOR CARDIOTONIC DRUG ADMINISTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY-STAGE SEPTIC SHOCK

Effective guiding the administration of cardiotonic drugs in the treatment of patients with septic shock is crucial early after diagnosis. In this retrospective study, Qu et al. (pp. 836–840) investigated the benefit of the central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference on the administration of cardiotonic drugs in patients with early-stage septic shock.

RENAL PROTECTIVE EFFECT AND CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN B6 IN PATIENTS WITH SEPSIS

Acute kidney injury is a major complication in sepsis. In this study, Wang et al. (pp. 841–847) investigated whether the administration of vitamin B6 attenuates renal injury in patients with sepsis.

INHIBITORS OF INORGANIC POLYPHOSPHATE AND NUCLEIC ACIDS ATTENUATE IN VITRO THROMBIN GENERATION IN PLASMA FROM TRAUMA PATIENTS

In this in vitro study, MacArthur et al. (pp. 848–854) evaluated the impact of novel polyP antagonists on thrombin generation in plasma from trauma patients.

SIMULATED AEROMEDICAL EVACUATION EXACERBATES ACUTE LUNG INJURY VIA HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR-1Α-MEDIATED BNIP3/NIX-DEPENDENT MITOPHAGY

The hypobaric and hypoxic environment experienced by critically ill patients in aero-medical evacuation can cause lung injury. Using an acute lung injury model in rats under simulation of aeromedical evacuation, Yin et al. (pp. 855–860) provide evidence that aeromedical evacuation induces secondary lung injury through mitophagy.

INTERPLAY BETWEEN BRAIN OXYGENATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYPOTHERMIA IN ENDOTOXIC SHOCK

Diverse directions of thermoregulation (hyperthermia and hypothermia) are observed in the host response to infection. In this study, Moretti et al. (pp. 861–868) demonstrate that hypothermia does not rely on a feedback relationship with brain oxygenation but rather on a feedforward mechanism in which hypothermia is triggered in anticipation of changes in brain oxygenation.

25% HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN IMPROVES HEMODYNAMICS AND PREVENTS THE NEED FOR NEARLY ALL PRE-HOSPITAL RESUSCITATION IN A RAT (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) MODEL OF TRAUMA AND HAEMORRHAGE

Treatment delays of hours or days represent additional challenges in combat casualty care. Penn et al. (pp. 869–876) investigated whether human albumin improves hemodynamic parameters in a rat model of trauma and haemorrhage.

BURNS INDUCE ALTERATIONS IN THE ACYL PROTEOME OF MICE AND HUMANS

Thermal injury causes hypermetabolic reprogramming that is considered to contribute to morbidity and mortality. Bieerkehazhi et al. (pp. 877–884) investigated whether protein S-acylation, a reversible post-translational modification, might contribute to burn-induced hypermetabolic reprogramming.

EARLY FLUID PLUS NOREPINEPHRINE RESUSCITATION DIMINISHES KIDNEY HYPOPERFUSION AND INFLAMMATION IN SEPTIC NEWBORN PIGS

Using the cecal ligation and puncture model in newborn pigs, Fanous et al. (pp. 885–893) provide evidence that early implementation of resuscitation lessens the degree of inflammation, acute kidney, and liver injury.

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS-1 SUSCEPTIBILITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR SEPSIS, WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS SUSCEPTIBILITY ELEVATING SEVERITY: INSIGHTS FROM A BIDIRECTIONAL MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION STUDY

In this Mendelian randomization study, Shi et al. (pp. 894–904) investigated whether Herpes Simplex Virus 1 represents a risk factor for sepsis

DIAMMONIUM GLYCYRRHIZINATE INHIBITED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND MODULATED SERUM METABOLISM IN POLY(I:C)-INDUCED PNEUMONIA MODEL MICE

Using untargeted metabolomics, Meng et al. (pp. 905–914)) demonstrate that Diammonium glycyrrhizinate ameliorates poly(I:C)-induced pneumonia by inactivating the Toll-like receptor 3 pathway and modulation of diverse metabolic pathways.

ENDOGENOUS β3-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR ACTIVATION ALLEVIATES SEPSIS-INDUCED CARDIOMYOCYTE APOPTOSIS VIA PI3K/AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY

Sepsis induced myocardial apoptosis. Using the cecal ligation and puncture model for sepsis in rats, Xing et al. (pp. 915–923) demonstrate that the activation of the endogenous β3-adrenergic receptor decreases sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and maintains intrinsic myocardial systolic function.

ADENOSINE INFLUENCES FOXP3 EXPRESSION OF TREGS VIA THE A2AR/CREB PATHWAY IN A MOUSE MODEL OF SEPSIS

Sepsis is associated with increased adenosine concentrations and forkhead box protein (FoxP3) expression in regulatory T cells. Zhang et al. (pp. 924–933) used the cecal ligation model of sepsis and provide evidence that signalling via the adenosine receptor 2a causes phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB which increases the expression of FoxP3 in regulatory T cells.

COMBINATION OF HYPEROXYGENATION AND TARGETED TEMPERATURE MANAGEMENT IMPROVES FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES OF POST CARDIAC ARREST SYNDROME IRRESPECTIVE OF CAUSES OF ARREST IN RATS

Resuscitation from cardiac arrest is associated an increased risk of mortality which is ascribed to the post cardiac arrest syndrome. Li et al. (pp. 934–941) investigated whether hyperoxygenation and targeted temperature management had an impact on the outcome of the post cardiac arrest syndrome in rats.

MIR-208A-3P REGULATED BY CIRCUQCRC2 SUPPRESSES ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY BY INHIBITING CELF2-MEDIATED TUBULAR EPITHELIAL CELL APOPTOSIS, INFLAMMATION AND FERROPTOSIS

Huang et al. (pp. 942–950) investigated the contribution of miR-208a-3p in ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. The authors demonstrate that miR-208a-3p affects diverse cellular processes that finally diminish tissue injury.

UNVEILING THE PROTECTIVE MECHANISMS OF PUERARIN AGAINST ACUTE LUNG INJURY: A COMPREHENSIVE EXPLORATION OF THE ROLES AND MECHANISMS OF MST1/ERS SIGNALING

Chen et al. (pp. 951–960) provide evidence that the Mst1/ERS signalling pathway is involved in the development of vascular endothelial cell dysfunction and acute lung injury in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The compound puerarin inhibits the Mst1/ERS pathway and attenuates endothelial cell dysfunction and tissue injury.