aDepartment of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine

bInstitute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York

cGraduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY

dDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

eInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda

fDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

gCentre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

hHôpital de Jour, Service des Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Sourô Sanou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

iFundación Huésped, Buenos Aires, Argentina

jRwanda Military Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda

kMasaka Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda

lResearch Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Philippines

mSchool of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

nInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland

oUniversité de Lomé, Lomé, Togo

pInstituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janerio, Brazil

qDepartment of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

Correspondence to Samuel Kebede, MD, MPhil, 462 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA. Tel: +1 212 562 5555; fax: +1 718 682 3633; e-mail: [email protected]

Received 27 August, 2023

Revised 22 November, 2023

Accepted 30 November, 2023

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