aDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College

bImperial College National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre

cImperial College NHS Trust

dDepartment of Genitourinary Medicine and Infectious Disease, Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Trust and Kings College London, London

ePeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford

fOxford National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford

gRoyal Free Hospital

hChelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Correspondence to John Patrick Thornhill, Imperial College London, London W2 1NY, UK. E-mail: [email protected]

Received 9 May, 2023

Revised 26 November, 2023

Accepted 5 December, 2023

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