Allison KH, Hammond MEH, Dowsett M et al (2020) Estrogen and progesterone receptor testing in breast cancer: ASCO/CAP guideline update. J Clin Oncol 38:1346–1366

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ferraro E, Walsh EM, Tao JJ et al (2022) Accelerating drug development in breast cancer: new frontiers for ER inhibition. Cancer Treat Rev 109:102432

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Osborne CK, Schiff R (2011) Mechanisms of endocrine resistance in breast cancer. Annu Rev Med 62:233–247

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Marra A, Trapani D, Ferraro E, Curigliano G (2023) Mechanisms of endocrine resistance in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Cancer Treat Res 188:219–235

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Burstein HJ (2020) Systemic therapy for estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. N Engl J Med 383:2557–2570

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Johnston SRD, Toi M, O’Shaughnessy J et al (2023) Abemaciclib plus endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, node-positive, high-risk early breast cancer (monarchE): results from a preplanned interim analysis of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 24:77–90

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Slamon D, Lipatov O, Nowecki Z et al (2024) Ribociclib plus endocrine therapy in early breast cancer. N Engl J Med 390:1080–1091

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Will M, Liang J, Metcalfe C, Chandarlapaty S (2023) Therapeutic resistance to anti-oestrogen therapy in breast cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 23:673–685

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Toy W, Shen Y, Won H et al (2013) ESR1 ligand-binding domain mutations in hormone-resistant breast cancer. Nat Genet 45:1439–1445

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Soleja M, Raj GV, Unni N (2019) An evaluation of fulvestrant for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 20:1819–1829

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fribbens C, O’Leary B, Kilburn L et al (2016) Plasma ESR1 mutations and the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 34:2961–2968

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Turner NC, Swift C, Kilburn L et al (2020) ESR1 mutations and overall survival on fulvestrant versus exemestane in advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: a combined analysis of the phase III SoFEA and EFECT trials. Clin Cancer Res 26:5172–5177

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Robertson JFR, Bondarenko IM, Trishkina E et al (2016) Fulvestrant 500 mg versus anastrozole 1 mg for hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer (FALCON): an international, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet 388:2997–3005

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Marra A, Curigliano G (2019) Are all cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitors created equal? NPJ Breast Cancer 5:27

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Andre F, Ciruelos E, Rubovszky G et al (2019) Alpelisib for PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. N Engl J Med 380:1929–1940

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Turner NC, Oliveira M, Howell SJ et al (2023) Capivasertib in hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. N Engl J Med 388:2058–2070

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bidard FC, Kaklamani VG, Neven P et al (2022) Elacestrant (oral selective estrogen receptor degrader) versus standard endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer: results from the randomized phase III EMERALD trial. J Clin Oncol 40:3246–3256

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gerratana L, Roncato R, Sturlese M et al (2023) Abstract PD10–01: PD10–01 Impact of ESR1 mutations on selective estrogen receptor degraders and modulators: an integrated liquid-biopsy and pharmacodynamics approach. Cancer Research 83:24 PD10–01

Article  Google Scholar 

Wardell SE, Nelson ER, Chao CA et al (2015) Evaluation of the pharmacological activities of RAD1901, a selective estrogen receptor degrader. Endocr Relat Cancer 22:713–724

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bihani T, Patel HK, Arlt H et al (2017) Elacestrant (RAD1901), a selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), has antitumor activity in multiple ER(+) breast cancer patient-derived xenograft models. Clin Cancer Res 23:4793–4804

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bardia A, Kaklamani V, Wilks S et al (2021) Phase I study of elacestrant (RAD1901), a novel selective estrogen receptor degrader, in ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 39:1360–1370

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Conlan MG, de Vries EFJ, Glaudemans A et al (2020) Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of elacestrant, a novel oral selective estrogen receptor degrader, in healthy post-menopausal women. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 45:675–689

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bardia A, Cortes J, Bidard FC et al (2024) Elacestrant in ER+, HER2- metastatic breast cancer with ESR1-mutated tumors: subgroup analyses from the phase III EMERALD trial by prior duration of endocrine therapy plus CDK4/6 inhibitor and in clinical subgroups. Clin Cancer Res 30:4299–4309

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ibrahim N, Sung-Bae K, Lin N et al. 2024 ELECTRA: An open-label, multicenter, phase 1b/2 study of elacestrant in combination with abemaciclib in patients with brain metastasis (mets) from estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer (BC). Presented at the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 5–9, 2023; San Antonio, TX. Poster PO2–05–05. 2023.

Vidal M, Pascual T, Falato C et al (2023) Abstract PD13–01: PD13–01 Elacestrant in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor positive and HER2-negative early breast cancer: primary efficacy and safety analysis of the preoperative, window of opportunity SOLTI-1905-ELIPSE trial. Cancer Research 83:PD13-01

Article  Google Scholar 

Liang J, Zbieg JR, Blake RA et al (2021) GDC-9545 (Giredestrant): a potent and orally bioavailable selective estrogen receptor antagonist and degrader with an exceptional preclinical profile for ER+ breast cancer. J Med Chem 64:11841–11856

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jhaveri KL, Bellet M, Turner NC et al (2024) Phase Ia/b study of giredestrant +/- palbociclib and +/- luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists in estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative, locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 30:754–766

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martin M, Lim E, Chavez-MacGregor M et al (2024) Giredestrant for estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative, previously treated advanced breast cancer: results from the randomized, phase II acelERA BREAST CANCER STUDY. J Clin Oncol 27:JCO2301500

Google Scholar 

Oliveira M, Sonnenblick A, Rugo HS et al (2023) Interim analyses (IA) of the giredestrant (G), G + abemaciclib (A), and G + ribociclib (R) arms in MORPHEUS Breast Cancer (BC): A phase I/II study of G treatment (tx) combinations in patients (pts) with estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative locally advanced/metastatic BC (ER+, HER2– LA/mBC). J Clin Oncol 41:1061–1061

Article  Google Scholar 

Hurvitz SA, Bardia A, Quiroga V et al (2023) Neoadjuvant palbociclib plus either giredestrant or anastrozole in oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative, early breast cancer (coopERA Breast Cancer): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 24:1029–1041

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bardia A, Fernando TM, Fasching PA et al (2022) 144P Neoadjuvant giredestrant (GDC-9545) + palbociclib (P) vs anastrozole (A) + P in postmenopausal women with oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative, untreated early breast cancer (ER+/HER2– eBC): biomarker subgroup analysis of the randomised, phase II coopERA BC study. Ann Oncol 33:S605–S606

Article  Google Scholar