McMurray JJ, Stewart S (2000) Epidemiology, aetiology, and prognosis of heart failure. Heart 83(5):596–602

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Savarese G, Lund LH (2017) Global Public Health Burden of Heart Failure. Cardiac Fail Rev 3(1):7–11

Article  Google Scholar 

Benjamin EJ, Virani SS, Callaway CW, Chamberlain AM, Chang AR, Cheng S, Chiuve SE, Cushman M, Delling FN, Deo R, de Ferranti SD, Ferguson JF, Fornage M, Gillespie C, Isasi CR, Jimenez MC, Jordan LC, Judd SE, Lackland D, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth L, Liu S, Longenecker CT, Lutsey PL, Mackey JS, Matchar DB, Matsushita K, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, O’Flaherty M, Palaniappan LP, Pandey A, Pandey DK, Reeves MJ, Ritchey MD, Rodriguez CJ, Roth GA, Rosamond WD, Sampson UKA, Satou GM, Shah SH, Spartano NL, Tirschwell DL, Tsao CW, Voeks JH, Willey JZ, Wilkins JT, Wu JH, Alger HM, Wong SS, Muntner P (2018) Circulation 137(12):e67–e492 American Heart Association Council on, E.; Prevention Statistics, C.; Stroke Statistics, S., Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2018 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hussein AA, Wilkoff BL (2019) Cardiac Implantable Electronic device therapy in Heart failure. Circul Res 124(11):1584–1597

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Abraham WT, Fisher WG, Smith AL, Delurgio DB, Leon AR, Loh E, Kocovic DZ, Packer M, Clavell AL, Hayes DL, Ellestad M, Trupp RJ, Underwood J, Pickering F, Truex C, McAtee P, Messenger J, Evaluation M.S.M.S.G.M.I.R.C (2002) Cardiac resynchronization in chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 346(24):1845–1853.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kirk JA, Kass DA (2013) Electromechanical dyssynchrony and resynchronization of the failing heart. Circul Res 113(6):765–776

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Cazeau S, Ritter P, Bakdach S, Lazarus A, Limousin M, Henao L, Mundler O, Daubert JC, Mugica J (1994) Four chamber pacing in dilated cardiomyopathy. Pacing Clin Electrophysiology: PACE 17(11 Pt 2):1974–1979

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Auricchio A, Stellbrink C, Block M, Sack S, Vogt J, Bakker P, Klein H, Kramer A, Ding J, Salo R, Tockman B, Pochet T, Spinelli J (1999) Effect of pacing chamber and atrioventricular delay on acute systolic function of paced patients with congestive heart failure. The pacing therapies for Congestive Heart Failure Study Group. The Guidant Congestive Heart Failure Research Group. Circulation 99(23):2993–3001

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Patwala AY, Wright DJ (2005) Device based treatment of heart failure. Postgrad Med J 81(955):286–291

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McAlister FA, Ezekowitz J, Hooton N, Vandermeer B, Spooner C, Dryden DM, Page RL, Hlatky MA, Rowe BH (2007) Cardiac resynchronization therapy for patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a systematic review. JAMA 297(22):2502–2514

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sharma PS, Dandamudi G, Naperkowski A, Oren JW, Storm RH, Ellenbogen KA, Vijayaraman P (2015) Permanent his-bundle pacing is feasible, safe, and superior to right ventricular pacing in routine clinical practice. Heart Rhythm 12(2):305–312

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Abdelrahman M, Subzposh FA, Beer D, Durr B, Naperkowski A, Sun H, Oren JW, Dandamudi G, Vijayaraman P (2018) Clinical outcomes of his bundle pacing compared to right ventricular pacing. J Am Coll Cardiol 71(20):2319–2330

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zanon F, Ellenbogen KA, Dandamudi G, Sharma PS, Huang W, Lustgarten DL, Tung R, Tada H, Koneru JN, Bergemann T, Fagan DH, Hudnall JH, Vijayaraman P (2018) A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Eur pacing, arrhythmias, and card electrophysiol : J of the work groups on card pacing, arrhythmias, and card cell electrophysiol of the Eur Soc of Cardiol 20(11):1819–1826

Google Scholar 

Dutta A, Alqabbani RRM, Hagendorff A, Tayal B (2024) Understanding the application of mechanical dyssynchrony in patients with heart failure considered for CRT. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 11(2):64

Upadhyay GA, Cherian T, Shatz DY, Beaser AD, Aziz Z, Ozcan C, Broman MT, Nayak HM, Tung R (2019) Intracardiac Delineation of Septal Conduction in Left Bundle-Branch Block patterns. Circulation 139(16):1876–1888

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ghio S, Constantin C, Klersy C, Serio A, Fontana A, Campana C, Tavazzi L (2004) Interventricular and intraventricular dyssynchrony are common in heart failure patients, regardless of QRS duration. Eur Heart J 25(7):571–578

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kusumoto FM, Schoenfeld MH, Barrett C, Edgerton JR, Ellenbogen KA, Gold MR, Goldschlager NF, Hamilton RM, Joglar JA, Kim RJ, Lee R, Marine JE, McLeod CJ, Oken KR, Patton KK, Pellegrini CN, Selzman KA, Thompson A, Varosy PD (2019) 2018 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline on the evaluation and management of patients with Bradycardia and Cardiac Conduction Delay: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 140(8):e382–e482

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sweeney MO, Hellkamp AS, Ellenbogen KA, Greenspon AJ, Freedman RA, Lee KL, Lamas GA, Investigators MOST (2003) Adverse effect of ventricular pacing on heart failure and atrial fibrillation among patients with normal baseline QRS duration in a clinical trial of pacemaker therapy for sinus node dysfunction. Circulation 107(23):2932–2937

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wilkoff BL, Cook JR, Epstein AE, Greene HL, Hallstrom AP, Hsia H, Kutalek SP, Sharma A, Dual C, Investigators VV (2002) Dual-chamber pacing or ventricular backup pacing in patients with an implantable defibrillator: the dual Chamber and VVI Implantable Defibrillator (DAVID) Trial. JAMA 288(24):3115–3123. I.I.D

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Barake W, Witt CM, Vaidya VR, Cha YM (2019) Incidence and natural history of Left Bundle Branch Block Induced Cardiomyopathy. Circ Arrhythm Electrophys 12(9): e007393

Vernooy K, Verbeek XA, Peschar M, Crijns HJ, Arts T, Cornelussen RN, Prinzen FW (2005) Left bundle branch block induces ventricular remodelling and functional septal hypoperfusion. Eur Heart J 26(1):91–98

Linde C, Ellenbogen K, McAlister FA (2012) Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT): clinical trials, guidelines, and target populations. Heart Rhythm 9(8 Suppl):S3–S13

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mullens W, Grimm RA, Verga T, Dresing T, Starling RC, Wilkoff BL, Tang WH (2009) Insights from a cardiac resynchronization optimization clinic as part of a heart failure disease management program. J Am Coll Cardiol 53(9):765–773

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vijayaraman P, Dandamudi G (2016) Anatomical approach to permanent his bundle pacing: optimizing his bundle capture. J Electrocardiol 49(5):649–657

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Narula OS, Scherlag BJ, Samet P (1970) Pervenous pacing of the specialized conducting system in man. His bundle and A-V nodal stimulation. Circulation 41(1):77–87

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Deshmukh P, Casavant DA, Romanyshyn M, Anderson K (2000) Permanent, direct his-bundle pacing: a novel approach to cardiac pacing in patients with normal his-purkinje activation. Circulation 101(8):869–877

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Beer D, Sharma PS, Subzposh FA, Naperkowski A, Pietrasik GM, Durr B, Qureshi M, Panikkath R, Abdelrahman M, Williams BA, Hanifin JL, Zimberg R, Austin K, Macuch B, Trohman RG, Vanenkevort EA, Dandamudi G, Vijayaraman P (2019) Clinical outcomes of selective Versus nonselective his bundle pacing. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 5(7):766–774

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vijayaraman P, Dandamudi G (2016) How to perform permanent his bundle pacing: Tips and tricks. Pacing Clin Electrophysiology: PACE 39(12):1298–1304

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vijayaraman P, Dandamudi G, Zanon F, Sharma PS, Tung R, Huang W, Koneru J, Tada H, Ellenbogen KA, Lustgarten DL (2018) Permanent his bundle pacing: recommendations from a Multicenter his bundle pacing collaborative Working Group for standardization of definitions, implant measurements, and follow-up. Heart Rhythm 15(3):460–468

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tan NY, Witt CM, Oh JK, Cha YM (2020) Left Bundle Branch Block: current and future perspectives. Circ Arrhythm Electrophys 13(4):e008239

Huang W, Su L, Wu S, Xu L, Xiao F, Zhou X, Ellenbogen KA (2017) A Novel Pacing Strategy with Low and stable output: pacing the Left Bundle Branch immediately beyond the Conduction Block. Can J Cardiol 33(12):1736 e1731-1736 e1733.

Huang W, Chen X, Su L, Wu S, Xia X, Vijayaraman P (2019) A beginner’s guide to permanent left bundle branch pacing. Heart Rhythm 16(12):1791–1796

De Pooter J, Wauters A, Van Heuverswyn F, Le Polain JB (2022) A guide to Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing using Stylet-Driven Pacing leads. Front Cardiovasc Med 9:844152

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ponnusamy SS, Arora V, Namboodiri N, Kumar V, Kapoor A, Vijayaraman P (2020) Left bundle branch pacing: a comprehensive review. J Cardiovasc Electrophys 31(9):2462–2473

Padala SK, Ellenbogen KA (2020) Left bundle branch pacing is the best approach to physiological pacing. Heart rhythmO2 1(1):59–67

Google Scholar 

Chokesuwattanaskul R, Jongnarangsin K (2022) Left Bundle Branch Pacing: unexpected resynchronization effect of Anodal capture. J Innovations Cardiac Rhythm Manage 13(3):4933–4935

Google Scholar 

Cano O, Navarrete-Navarro J, Zalavadia D, Jover P, Osca J, Bahadur R, Izquierdo M, Navarro J, Subzposh FA, Ayala HD, Martinez-Dolz L, Vijayaraman P, Batul SA (2023) Acute performance of stylet driven leads for left bundle branch area pacing: A comparison with lumenless leads. Heart Rhythm O2 4(12):765–776

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu CF, Prasad KV, Moretta A, Vijayaraman P, Zanon F, Gleva M, De Pooter J, Chinitz LA, Bio C, Bio; investigators MASD (2024) s., left bundle branch area pacing using a stylet-driven, retractable-helix lead: short-term results from a prospective multicenter IDE trial (the BIO-CONDUCT study). Heart Rhythm

Vijayaraman P, Foo D, Lim TSE, Diamantakos E, Verma S, Hourdain J, Pandurangi U, Bhargava K, Zanon F, Stone J, Lee K, Nair D (2024) Result of the left bundle branch area pacing data collection registry, an international multicenter study of conduction system pacing with a tendril STS 2088 stylet-driven lead. J Cardiovasc Electrophys

Vijayaraman P, Naperkowski A, Subzposh FA, Abdelrahman M, Sharma PS, Oren JW, Dandamudi G, Ellenbogen KA (2018) Permanent his-bundle pacing: long-term lead performance and clinical outcomes. Heart Rhythm 15(5):696–702