Vuichoud C, Loughlin KR. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: epidemiology, economics and evaluation. Can J Urol. 2015;22(Suppl 1):1–6.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lerner LB, McVary KT, Barry MJ, et al. Management of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia: AUA GUIDELINE PART II-surgical evaluation and treatment. J Urol. 2021;206(4):818–26.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bortnick E, Brown C, Simma-Chiang V, Kaplan SA. Modern best practice in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the elderly. Ther Adv Urol. 2020;12:1756287220929486.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Carnevale FC, Moreira AM, de Assis AM, et al. Prostatic artery embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: 10 years’ experience. Radiology. 2020;296(2):444–51.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

de Assis AM, Moreira AM, Carnevale FC, et al. Role of ultrasound elastography in patient selection for prostatic artery embolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2021;32(10):1410–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Abt D, Hechelhammer L, Mullhaupt G, et al. Comparison of prostatic artery embolisation (PAE) versus transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia: randomised, open label, non-inferiority trial. BMJ. 2018;361: k2338.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gao YA, Huang Y, Zhang R, et al. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: prostatic arterial embolization versus transurethral resection of the prostate–a prospective, randomized, and controlled clinical trial. Radiology. 2014;270(3):920–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Carnevale FC, Iscaife A, Yoshinaga EM, et al. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) versus original and PErFecTED prostate artery embolization (PAE) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): preliminary results of a single center, prospective. Urodyn-Controll Anal Cardiovasc Interven Radiol. 2016;39(1):44–52.

Article  Google Scholar 

Russo GI, Kurbatov D, Sansalone S, et al. Prostatic arterial embolization versus open prostatectomy: a 1-year matched-pair analysis of functional outcomes and morbidities. Urology. 2015;86(2):343–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Insausti I, de Ocáriz AS, Galbete A, Capdevila F, Solchaga S, Giral P, Bilhim T, Isaacson A, Urtasun F, Napal S. Randomized comparison of prostatic artery embolization versus transurethral resection of the prostate for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Vasc Int Radiol. 2020;31(6):882–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.810.

Article  Google Scholar 

Tapping CR, Little MW, Macdonald A, et al. The STREAM Trial (prostatic artery embolization for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia) 24 month clinical and radiological outcomes. Cardiovasc Interven Radiol. 2021;44(3):436–42.

Article  Google Scholar 

Sapoval M, Thiounn N, Descazeaud A, et al. Prostatic artery embolisation versus medical treatment in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (PARTEM): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3, superiority trial. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2023;31: 100672.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pisco JM, Bilhim T, Costa NV, et al. Randomised clinical trial of prostatic artery embolisation versus a sham procedure for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol. 2020;77(3):354–62.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ray AF, Powell J, Speakman MJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of prostate artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia: an observational study and propensity-matched comparison with transurethral resection of the prostate (the UK-ROPE study). BJU Int. 2018;122(2):270–82.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Qiu Z, Zhang C, Wang X, et al. Clinical evaluation of embolization of the superior vesical prostatic artery for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a single-center retrospective study. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne. 2017;12(4):409–16.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Salvador Hidalgo D, Bernardello Ureta M, Sbriglio M, et al. Prostatic artery embolization treatment for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who are permanent urinary catheter users ineligible for de-obstructive surgery. Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed). 2021;45(7):481–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pisco JM, Bilhim T, Pinheiro LC, et al. Medium- and long-term outcome of prostate artery embolization for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results in 630 patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2016;27(8):1115–22.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rampoldi A, Barbosa F, Secco S, et al. Prostatic artery embolization as an alternative to indwelling bladder catheterization to manage benign prostatic hyperplasia in poor surgical candidates. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol. 2017;40(4):530–6.

Article  Google Scholar 

Wang M, Guo L, Duan F, et al. Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms as a result of large benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective single-center investigation. Int J Urol. 2015;22(8):766–72.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bhatia S, Sinha VK, Harward S, et al. Prostate artery embolization in patients with prostate volumes of 80 mL or more: a single-institution retrospective experience of 93 patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2018;29(10):1392–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kenny AG, Pellerin O, Amouyal G, et al. prostate artery embolization in patients with acute urinary retention. Am J Med. 2019;132(11):e786–90.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Franco JV, Jung JH, Imamura M, et al. Minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;7(7):CD013656.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jung JH, McCutcheon KA, Borofsky M, et al. Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;3(3):CD012867.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Xu Z, Zhou Z, Mu Y, et al. An updated meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of prostatic artery embolization versus transurethral resection of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Front Surg. 2021;8:779571.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lucas-Cava V, Sanchez-Margallo FM, Insausti-Gorbea I, Sun F. Comparative efficacy and safety of prostatic urethral lift versus prostatic artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BJU Int. 2022;131(2):139–52.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Uflacker A, Haskal ZJ, Bilhim T, et al. Meta-analysis of prostatic artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2016;27(11):1686-1697.e8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Xiang P, Guan D, Du Z, et al. Efficacy and safety of prostatic artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Radiol. 2021;31(7):4929–46.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Knight GM, Talwar A, Salem R, Mouli S. Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing prostatic artery embolization to gold-standard transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol. 2021;44(2):183–93.

Article  Google Scholar 

Grosso M, Balderi A, Arno M, et al. Prostatic artery embolization in benign prostatic hyperplasia: preliminary results in 13 patients. Radiol Med. 2015;120(4):361–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Frandon J, Belaouni A, Pellerin O, et al. Efficacy and safety of prostate artery embolization for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and indwelling urinary catheter: a retrospective multicenter study. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2022;103(12):601–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bilhim T, Costa NV, Torres D, Pinheiro LC, Spaepen E. Long-term outcome of prostatic artery embolization for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: single-centre retrospective study in 1072 patients over a 10-year period. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol. 2022;45(9):1324–36.

Article  Google Scholar 

Abt D, Mullhaupt G, Hechelhammer L, et al. Prostatic artery embolisation versus transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia: 2-yr outcomes of a randomised, open-label. Single-centre Trial Eur Urol. 2021;80(1):34–42.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ayyagari R, Powell T, Staib L, et al. Prostatic artery embolization using 100–300-mum trisacryl gelatin microspheres to treat lower urinary tract symptoms attributable to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a single-center outcomes analysis with medium-term follow-up. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2020;31(1):99–107.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Naidu SG, Narayanan H, Saini G, et al. Prostate artery embolization—review of indications, patient selection, techniques and results. J Clin Med. 2021;10(21):5139. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10215139.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Amouyal G, Tournier L, De Margerie-Mellon C, et al. Safety profile of ambulatory prostatic artery embolization after a significant learning curve: update on adverse events. J Personal Med. 2022;12(8):1261.