Scholzen T, Gerdes J. The Ki-67 protein: from the known and the unknown. J Cell Physiol. 2000;182(3):311–22.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sobecki M, Mrouj K, Colinge J, Gerbe F, Jay P, Krasinska L, Dulic V, Fisher D. Cell-Cycle Regulation Accounts for Variability in Ki-67 Expression Levels. Cancer Res. 2017;77(10):2722–34.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Cuylen S, Blaukopf C, Politi AZ, Müller-Reichert T, Neumann B, Poser I, Ellenberg J, Hyman AA, Gerlich DW. Ki-67 acts as a biological surfactant to disperse mitotic chromosomes. Nature. 2016;535(7611):308–12.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bullwinkel J, Baron-Lühr B, Lüdemann A, Wohlenberg C, Gerdes J, Scholzen T. Ki-67 protein is associated with ribosomal RNA transcription in quiescent and proliferating cells. J Cell Physiol. 2006;206(3):624–35.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Davey MG, Hynes SO, Kerin MJ, Miller N, Lowery AJ. Ki-67 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Invasive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(17):4455.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Nielsen TO, Leung SCY, Rimm DL, Dodson A, Acs B, Badve S, Denkert C, Ellis MJ, Fineberg S, Flowers M, et al. Assessment of Ki67 in breast cancer: Updated recommendations from the International Ki67 in Breast Cancer Working Group. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2021;113(7):808–19.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Royce M, Osgood C, Mulkey F, Bloomquist E, Pierce WF, Roy A, et al. FDA Approval Summary: Abemaciclib with endocrine therapy for high-risk early breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(11):1155–62.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Focke CM, Bürger H, van Diest PJ, Finsterbusch K, Gläser D, Korsching E, Decker T. Interlaboratory variability of Ki67 staining in breast cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2017;84:219–27.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Shi SR, Liu C, Taylor CR. Standardization of immunohistochemistry for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections based on the antigen-retrieval technique: from experiments to hypothesis. J Histochem Cytochem. 2007;55(2):105–9.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Gong P, Wang Y, Liu G, Zhang J, Wang Z. New insight into Ki67 expression at the invasive front in breast cancer. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(1):e54912.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Lashen A, Toss MS, Green AR, Mongan NP, Rakha E. Ki67 assessment in invasive luminal breast cancer: a comparative study between different scoring methods. Histopathology. 2022;81(6):786–98.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ács B, Kulka J, Kovács KA, Teleki I, Tőkés AM, Meczker Á, Győrffy B, Madaras L, Krenács T, Szász AM. Comparison of 5 Ki-67 antibodies regarding reproducibility and capacity to predict prognosis in breast cancer: does the antibody matter? Hum Pathol. 2017;65:31–40.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lindboe CF, Torp SH. Comparison of Ki-67 equivalent antibodies. J Clin Pathol. 2002;55(6):467–71.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Gerdes J, Schwab U, Lemke H, Stein H. Production of a mouse monoclonal antibody reactive with a human nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation. Int J Cancer. 1983;31(1):13–20.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Polley MY, Leung SC, McShane LM, Gao D, Hugh JC, Mastropasqua MG, Viale G, Zabaglo LA, Penault-Llorca F, Bartlett JM, et al. An international Ki67 reproducibility study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105(24):1897–906.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Polley MY, Leung SC, Gao D, Mastropasqua MG, Zabaglo LA, Bartlett JM, McShane LM, Enos RA, Badve SS, Bane AL, et al. An international study to increase concordance in Ki67 scoring. Mod Pathol. 2015;28(6):778–86.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Leung SCY, Nielsen TO, Zabaglo L, Arun I, Badve SS, Bane AL, Bartlett JMS, Borgquist S, Chang MC, Dodson A, et al. Analytical validation of a standardized scoring protocol for Ki67: phase 3 of an international multicenter collaboration. NPJ breast cancer. 2016;2:16014.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Leung SCY, Nielsen TO, Zabaglo LA, Arun I, Badve SS, Bane AL, Bartlett JMS, Borgquist S, Chang MC, Dodson A, et al. Analytical validation of a standardised scoring protocol for Ki67 immunohistochemistry on breast cancer excision whole sections: an international multicentre collaboration. Histopathology. 2019;75(2):225–35.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pons L, Hernández-León L, Altaleb A, Ussene E, Iglesias R, Castillo A, Rodríguez-Martínez P, Castella E, Quiroga V, Felip E, et al. Conventional and digital Ki67 evaluation and their correlation with molecular prognosis and morphological parameters in luminal breast cancer. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):8176.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Alataki A, Zabaglo L, Tovey H, Dodson A, Dowsett M. A simple digital image analysis system for automated Ki67 assessment in primary breast cancer. Histopathology. 2021;79(2):200–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bigras G, Dong WF, Canil S, Hugh J, Berendt R, Wood G, Yang H. New robust and reproducible stereological IHC Ki67 breast cancer proliferative assessment to replace traditional biased labeling index. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2017;25(10):687–95.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li L, Han D, Yu Y, Li J, Liu Y. Artificial intelligence-assisted interpretation of Ki-67 expression and repeatability in breast cancer. Diagn Pathol. 2022;17(1):20.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Acs B, Pelekanou V, Bai Y, Martinez-Morilla S, Toki M, Leung SCY, Nielsen TO, Rimm DL. Ki67 reproducibility using digital image analysis: an inter-platform and inter-operator study. Lab Invest. 2019;99(1):107–17.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Riva G, Nasillo V, Ottomano AM, Bergonzini G, Paolini A, Forghieri F, Lusenti B, Barozzi P, Lagreca I, Fiorcari S, et al. Multiparametric flow cytometry for MRD monitoring in hematologic malignancies: clinical applications and new challenges. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(18):4582.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Craig FE, Foon KA. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping for hematologic neoplasms. Blood. 2008;111(8):3941–67.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Shi SR, Shi Y, Taylor CR. Antigen retrieval immunohistochemistry: review and future prospects in research and diagnosis over two decades. J Histochem Cytochem. 2011;59(1):13–32.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Leers MP, Theunissen PH, Ramaekers FC, Schutte B. Multi-parameter flow cytometric analysis with detection of the Ki67-Ag in paraffin embedded mammary carcinomas. Cytometry. 1997;27(3):283–9.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Reichard A, Asosingh K. Best practices for preparing a single cell suspension from solid tissues for flow cytometry. Cytometry Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology. 2019;95(2):219–26.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Weimer S, Oertel K, Fuchsbauer HL. A quenched fluorescent dipeptide for assaying dispase- and thermolysin-like proteases. Anal Biochem. 2006;352(1):110–9.

Article  PubMed  CAS