ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al. 4. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care. 2023;46:S49–67. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc23-S004.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rinella ME, Lazarus JV, Ratziu V, et al. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature. J Hepatol. 2023;79:1542–56.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kawaguchi T, Tsutsumi T, Nakano D, et al. MAFLD enhances clinical practice for liver disease in the Asia-Pacific region. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2022;28:150–63.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kawaguchi T, Tsutsumi T, Nakano D, et al. MAFLD: Renovation of clinical practice and disease awareness of fatty liver. Hepatol Res. 2022;52:422–32.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kuo SZ, Cepin S, Bergstrom J, et al. Clinical utility of liver fat quantification for determining cardiovascular disease risk among patients with type 2 diabetes. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2023;58:585–92.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Abeysekera KWM, Valenti L, Younossi Z, et al. Implementation of a liver health check in people with type 2 diabetes. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024;9:83–91.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Crane H, Gofton C, Sharma A, et al. MAFLD: an optimal framework for understanding liver cancer phenotypes. J Gastroenterol. 2023;58:947–64.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kristensen SL, Jensen J, Schou M. SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients With Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease: Jigsaw Falling Into Place. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81:1915–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Simental-Mendia M, Sanchez-Garcia A, Rodriguez-Ramirez M, et al. Effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors on hepatic parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. 2021;163: 105319.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Seko Y, Sumida Y, Sasaki K, et al. Effects of canagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, on hepatic function in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: pooled and subgroup analyses of clinical trials. J Gastroenterol. 2018;53:140–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sumida Y, Murotani K, Saito M, et al. Effect of luseogliflozin on hepatic fat content in type 2 diabetes patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective, single-arm trial (LEAD trial). Hepatol Res. 2019;49:64–71.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Seino H. Correction to: efficacy and safety of luseogliflozin in patients with Type 2 diabetes complicated by hepatic dysfunction: a single-site, single-arm, open-label. Exploratory Trial Diabetes Ther. 2021;12:2807–11.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hajika Y, Kawaguchi Y, Hamazaki K, et al. Beneficial effects of luseogliflozin on lipid profile and liver function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (BLUE trial): a single-center, single-arm, open-label prospective study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2023;15:97.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hiruma S, Shigiyama F, Kumashiro N. Empagliflozin versus sitagliptin for ameliorating intrahepatic lipid content and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity in patients with early-stage type 2 diabetes with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A prospective randomized study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2023;25:1576–88.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Takahashi H, Kessoku T, Kawanaka M, et al. Ipragliflozin Improves the Hepatic Outcomes of Patients With Diabetes with NAFLD. Hepatol Commun. 2022;6:120–32.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Akuta N, Kawamura Y, Fujiyama S, et al. Favorable impact of long-term SGLT2 inhibitor for NAFLD complicated by diabetes mellitus: A 5-year follow-up study. Hepatol Commun. 2022;6:2286–97.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Takeshita Y, Honda M, Harada K, et al. Comparison of tofogliflozin and glimepiride effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in participants with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, 48-week, open-label. Active-Controlled Trial Diabetes Care. 2022;45:2064–75.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Song T, Chen S, Zhao H, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on hepatic fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatol Res. 2021;51:641–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Amjad W, Malik A, Qureshi W, et al. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors improve liver enzymes in patients with co-existing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Prz Gastroenterol. 2022;17:288–300.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chehrehgosha H, Sohrabi MR, Ismail-Beigi F, et al. Empagliflozin improves liver steatosis and fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind. Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Diabetes Ther. 2021;12:843–61.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Borisov AN, Kutz A, Christ ER, et al. Canagliflozin and metabolic associated fatty liver disease in patients with diabetes mellitus: new insights from CANVAS. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023;108:2940–9.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lombardi R, Mantovani A, Cespiati A, et al. Evolution of liver fibrosis in diabetic patients with NAFLD in a follow-up study: Hepatoprotective effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors. Dig Liver Dis. 2024;56:551–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tokushige K, Ikejima K, Ono M, et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis 2020. Hepatol Res. 2021;51:1013–25.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tokushige K, Ikejima K, Ono M, et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis 2020. J Gastroenterol. 2021;56:951–63.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Miyata A, Hasegawa M, Hachiuma K, et al. Metabolite profiling and enzyme reaction phenotyping of luseogliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, in humans. Xenobiotica. 2017;47:332–45.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Samukawa Y, Sata M, Furihata K, et al. Luseogliflozin, an SGLT2 Inhibitor, in Japanese patients with mild/moderate hepatic impairment: a pharmacokinetic study. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev. 2017;6:439–47.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Seino Y, Sasaki T, Fukatsu A, et al. Efficacy and safety of luseogliflozin as monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study. Curr Med Res Opin. 2014;30:1245–55.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Seino Y, Kaku K, Inagaki N, et al. Fifty-two-week long-term clinical study of luseogliflozin as monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with diet and exercise. Endocr J. 2015;62:593–603.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Seino Y, Inagaki N, Haneda M, et al. Efficacy and safety of luseogliflozin added to various oral antidiabetic drugs in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig. 2015;6:443–53.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Haneda M, Seino Y, Inagaki N, et al. Influence of renal function on the 52-week efficacy and safety of the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor luseogliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Ther. 2016;38(66–88): e20.

Google Scholar 

Reinshagen M, Kabisch S, Pfeiffer AFH, et al. Liver fat scores for noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in epidemiological and clinical studies. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2023;11:1212–27.

PubMed