Rubinstein G, Osswald A, Hoster E, Losa M, Elenkova A, Zacharieva S et al (2020) Time to diagnosis in Cushing’s syndrome: a meta-analysis based on 5367 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz136
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fleseriu M, Auchus R, Bancos I, Ben-Shlomo A, Bertherat J, Biermasz NR et al (2021) Consensus on diagnosis and management of Cushing’s disease: a guideline update. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 9:847–875
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Mazziotti G, Frara S, Giustina A (2018) Pituitary diseases and bone. Endocr Rev 39:440–488
Giuliodori A, Soudah E, Malouf J, Martel-Duguech L, Amodru V, Gil J et al (2024) Evaluation of bone-related mechanical properties in female patients with long-term remission of Cushing’s syndrome using quantitative computed tomography–based finite element analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 190:86–95
Valassi E (2022) Clinical presentation and etiology of Cushing’s syndrome: data from ERCUSYN. J Neuroendocrinol. https://doi.org/10.1111/jne.13114
Di Somma C, Pivonello R, Loche S, Faggiano A, Klain M, Salvatore M et al (2003) Effect of 2 years of cortisol normalization on the impaired bone mass and turnover in adolescent and adult patients with Cushing’s disease: a prospective study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 58:302–308
Ohmori N, Nomura K, Ohmori K, Kato Y, Itoh T, Takano K (2003) Osteoporosis is more prevalent in adrenal than in pituitary Cushing’s syndrome. Endocr J 50:1–7
Tauchmanovà L, Pivonello R, Di Somma C, Rossi R, De Martino MC, Camera L et al (2006) Bone demineralization and vertebral fractures in endogenous cortisol excess: role of disease etiology and gonadal status. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91:1779–1784
Trementino L, Appolloni G, Ceccoli L, Marcelli G, Concettoni C, Boscaro M et al (2014) Bone complications in patients with Cushing’s syndrome: looking for clinical, biochemical, and genetic determinants. Osteoporos Int J Establ Result Coop Eur Found Osteoporos Natl Osteoporos Found USA 25:913–921
Zhou H, Cooper MS, Seibel MJ (2013) Endogenous Glucocorticoids and Bone Bone Res 1:107–119
Gado M, Baschant U, Hofbauer LC, Henneicke H (2022) Bad to the bone: the effects of therapeutic glucocorticoids on osteoblasts and osteocytes. Front Endocrinol. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.835720/full
Lane NE (2019) Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: new insights into the pathophysiology and treatments. Curr Osteoporos Rep 17:1–7
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Frara S, di Filippo L, Doga M, Loli P, Casanueva FF, Giustina A (2022) Novel approaches to bone comorbidity in Cushing’s disease: an update. Pituitary 25:754–759
Dalle Carbonare L, Arlot ME, Chavassieux PM, Roux JP, Portero NR, Meunier PJ (2001) Comparison of trabecular bone microarchitecture and remodeling in glucocorticoid-induced and postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res Off J Am Soc Bone Miner Res 16:97–103
Belaya ZE, Grebennikova TA, Melnichenko GA, Nikitin AG, Solodovnikov AG, Brovkina OI et al (2018) Effects of endogenous hypercortisolism on bone mRNA and microRNA expression in humans. Osteoporos Int J Establ Result Coop Eur Found Osteoporos Natl Osteoporos Found USA 29:211–221
van Lierop AH, van der Eerden AW, Hamdy NT, Hermus AR, den Heijer M, Papapoulos SE (2012) Circulating sclerostin levels are decreased in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism and increase after treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97:1953–1957
Hofbauer LC, Zeitz U, Schoppet M, Skalicky M, Schüler C, Stolina M et al (2009) Prevention of glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in mice by inhibition of RANKL. Arthritis Rheum 60:1427–1437
Yao W, Dai W, Jiang JX, Lane NE (2013) Glucocorticoids and osteocyte autophagy. Bone 54:279–284
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Uygur MM, Frara S, di Filippo L, Giustina A (2023) New tools for bone health assessment in secreting pituitary adenomas. Trends Endocrinol Metab TEM 34:231–242
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Kim SM, Sultana F, Korkmaz F, Lizneva D, Yuen T, Zaidi M (2022) Independent skeletal actions of pituitary hormones. Endocrinol Metab 37:719–731
Minetto M, Reimondo G, Osella G, Ventura M, Angeli A, Terzolo M (2004) Bone loss is more severe in primary adrenal than in pituitary-dependent Cushing’s syndrome. Osteoporos Int J Establ Result Coop Eur Found Osteoporos Natl Osteoporos Found USA 15:855–861
Belaya ZE, Hans D, Rozhinskaya LY, Dragunova NV, Sasonova NI, Solodovnikov AG et al (2015) The risk factors for fractures and trabecular bone-score value in patients with endogenous Cushing’s syndrome. Arch Osteoporos. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-015-0244-1
Martel-Duguech L, Alonso-Jiménez A, Bascuñana H, Díaz-Manera J, Llauger J, Nuñez-Peralta C et al (2020) Thigh muscle fat infiltration is associated with impaired physical performance despite remission in Cushing’s syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105:2039–2049
Vogel F, Braun LT, Rubinstein G, Zopp S, Künzel H, Strasding F et al (2020) Persisting muscle dysfunction in Cushing’s syndrome despite biochemical remission. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105(12):e4490–e4498
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Amodru V, Ferriere A, Tabarin A, Castinetti F, Tsagarakis S, Toth M et al (2023) Cushing’s syndrome in the elderly: data from the European Registry on Cushing’s syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 188(4):395–406
Vogel F, Braun L, Rubinstein G, Zopp S, Benedix S, Schneider H et al (2021) Patients with low IGF-I after curative surgery for Cushing’s syndrome have an adverse long-term outcome of hypercortisolism-induced myopathy. Eur J Endocrinol 184:813–821
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Mazziotti G, Formenti AM, Adler RA, Bilezikian JP, Grossman A, Sbardella E et al (2016) Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: pathophysiological role of GH/IGF-I and PTH/VITAMIN D axes, treatment options and guidelines. Endocrine 54:603–611
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Formenti AM, Maffezzoni F, Doga M, Mazziotti G, Giustina A (2017) Growth hormone deficiency in treated acromegaly and active Cushing’s syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 31:79–90
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Mazziotti G, Doga M, Frara S, Maffezzoni F, Porcelli T, Cerri L et al (2016) Incidence of morphometric vertebral fractures in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency. Endocrine 52:103–110
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Pivonello R, Isidori AM, De Martino MC, Newell-Price J, Biller BMK, Colao A (2016) Complications of Cushing’s syndrome: state of the art. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 4:611–629
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Johannsson G, Sunnerhagen KS, Svensson J (2004) Baseline characteristics and the effects of two years of growth hormone replacement therapy in adults with growth hormone deficiency previously treated for Cushing’s disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 60:550–559
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Scommegna S, Greening JP, Storr HL, Davies KM, Shaw NJ, Monson JP et al (2005) Bone mineral density at diagnosis and following successful treatment of pediatric Cushing’s disease. J Endocrinol Invest 28:231–235
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
van Varsseveld NC, van Bunderen CC, Franken AM, Koppeschaar HPF, van der Lely AJ, Drent ML (2016) Fractures in pituitar
留言 (0)