Cappuccio FP, D’Elia L, Strazzullo P, Miller MA. Quantity and quality of sleep and incidence of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(2):414–20.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cappuccio FP, Cooper D, D’Elia L, Strazzullo P, Miller MA. Sleep duration predicts cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(12):1484–92.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ferrie JE, Kivimaki M, Akbaraly TN, Singh-Manoux A, Miller MA, Gimeno D, Kumari M, Davey Smith G, Shipley MJ. Associations between change in sleep duration and inflammation: findings on C-reactive protein and interleukin 6 in the Whitehall II Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178(6):956–61.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Consortium CAD, Deloukas P, Kanoni S, Willenborg C, Farrall M, Assimes TL, Thompson JR, Ingelsson E, Saleheen D, Erdmann J, et al. Large-scale association analysis identifies new risk loci for coronary artery disease. Nat Genet. 2013;45(1):25–33.

Article  Google Scholar 

Irwin MR, Olmstead R, Carroll JE. Sleep disturbance, sleep duration, and inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies and experimental sleep deprivation. Biol Psychiatry. 2016;80(1):40–52.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Danesh J, Wheeler JG, Hirschfield GM, Eda S, Eiriksdottir G, Rumley A, Lowe GD, Pepys MB, Gudnason V. C-reactive protein and other circulating markers of inflammation in the prediction of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(14):1387–97.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Danesh J, Kaptoge S, Mann AG, Sarwar N, Wood A, Angleman SB, Wensley F, Higgins JP, Lennon L, Eiriksdottir G, et al. Long-term interleukin-6 levels and subsequent risk of coronary heart disease: two new prospective studies and a systematic review. PLoS Med. 2008;5(4): e78.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Svensson T, Svensson AK, Kitlinski M, Almgren P, Engstrom G, Nilsson J, Orho-Melander M, Nilsson PM, Melander O. Plasma concentration of Caspase-8 is associated with short sleep duration and the risk of incident diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(4):1592–600.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Theorell-Haglow J, Hammar U, Lind L, Elmstahl S, Lindberg E, Fall T. Sleep duration is associated with protein biomarkers for cardiometabolic health: a large-scale population study. J Sleep Res. 2021;30(5):e13284.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Berglund G, Elmstahl S, Janzon L, Larsson SA. The Malmo diet and cancer study design and feasibility. J Intern Med. 1993;233(1):45–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rosvall M, Janzon L, Berglund G, Engstrom G, Hedblad B. Incidence of stroke is related to carotid IMT even in the absence of plaque. Atherosclerosis. 2005;179(2):325–31.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Enhorning S, Sjogren M, Hedblad B, Nilsson PM, Struck J, Melander O. Genetic vasopressin 1b receptor variance in overweight and diabetes mellitus. Eur J Endocrinol. 2016;174(1):69–75.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lundberg M, Eriksson A, Tran B, Assarsson E, Fredriksson S. Homogeneous antibody-based proximity extension assays provide sensitive and specific detection of low-abundant proteins in human blood. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011;39(15):e102.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Assarsson E, Lundberg M, Holmquist G, Bjorkesten J, Thorsen SB, Ekman D, Eriksson A, Rennel Dickens E, Ohlsson S, Edfeldt G, et al. Homogenous 96-plex PEA immunoassay exhibiting high sensitivity, specificity, and excellent scalability. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(4):e95192.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shan Z, Ma H, Xie M, Yan P, Guo Y, Bao W, Rong Y, Jackson CL, Hu FB, Liu L. Sleep duration and risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(3):529–37.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lindholm E, Agardh E, Tuomi T, Groop L, Agardh CD. Classifying diabetes according to the new WHO clinical stages. Eur J Epidemiol. 2001;17(11):983–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cederholm J, Eeg-Olofsson K, Eliasson B, Zethelius B, Nilsson PM, Gudbjornsdottir S. Swedish National Diabetes R: Risk prediction of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a risk equation from the Swedish National Diabetes Register. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(10):2038–43.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ludvigsson JF, Andersson E, Ekbom A, Feychting M, Kim JL, Reuterwall C, Heurgren M, Olausson PO. External review and validation of the Swedish national inpatient register. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:450.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Centre for Epidemiology. National Board of Health and Welfare: A finger on the pulse monitoring public health and social conditions in Sweden 1992–2002. National Board of Health and Welfare: In. Stockholm; 2003.

Google Scholar 

Wettermark B, Hammar N, Fored CM, Leimanis A, Otterblad Olausson P, Bergman U, Persson I, Sundstrom A, Westerholm B, Rosen M. The new Swedish Prescribed Drug Register–opportunities for pharmacoepidemiological research and experience from the first six months. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2007;16(7):726–35.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jujic A, Nilsson PM, Persson M, Holst JJ, Torekov SS, Lyssenko V, Groop L, Melander O, Magnusson M. Atrial natriuretic peptide in the high normal range is associated with lower prevalence of insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(4):1372–80.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Magnusson M, Wang TJ, Clish C, Engstrom G, Nilsson P, Gerszten RE, Melander O. Dimethylglycine deficiency and the development of diabetes. Diabetes. 2015;64(8):3010–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Enhorning S, Wang TJ, Nilsson PM, Almgren P, Hedblad B, Berglund G, Struck J, Morgenthaler NG, Bergmann A, Lindholm E, et al. Plasma copeptin and the risk of diabetes mellitus. Circulation. 2010;121(19):2102–8.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lagerqvist B, James SK, Stenestrand U, Lindback J, Nilsson T, Wallentin L, Group SS. Long-term outcomes with drug-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in Sweden. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(10):1009–19.

Article  Google Scholar 

National Board of Health and Welfare. valuation of diagnostic quality for acute myocardial infarction in the Swedish Inpatient Registry 1987 and 1995 [in Swedish]. Stockholm, Sweden: Epidemiologiskt Centrum, Socialstyrelsen; 2000.

Google Scholar 

Enhorning S, Struck J, Wirfalt E, Hedblad B, Morgenthaler NG, Melander O. Plasma copeptin, a unifying factor behind the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(7):E1065–1072.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tibshirani R. Regression shrinkage and selection via the lasso. J Roy Stat Soc: Ser B (Methodol). 1996;58(1):267–88.

Article  Google Scholar 

Hastie T, Tibshirani R, Wainwright M. Statistical learning with sparsity: the lasso and generalizations. 1st ed. New York: Chapman and Hall/CRC; 2015.

Book  Google Scholar 

Lasso inference intro - introduction to inferential lasso models https://www.stata.com/manuals/lassolassoinferenceintro.pdf

Chernozhukov V, Chetverikov D, Demirer M, Duflo E, Hansen C, Newey W, Robins J. Double/debiased machine learning for treatment and structural parameters. Economet J. 2018;21(1):C1–68.

Article  Google Scholar 

Drukker D, Liu D. Using the lasso for inference in high-dimensional models. In., vol. 2022. Stata.com: StataCorp LLC; 2019. https://blog.stata.com/2019/09/09/using-the-lasso-for-inference-in-high-dimensional-models/. Accessed 6 June 2022.

Svensson AK, Svensson T, Kitlinski M, Almgren P, Engstrom G, Nilsson PM, Melander O. Incident diabetes mellitus may explain the association between sleep duration and incident coronary heart disease. Diabetologia. 2018;61(2):331–41.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang D, Li W, Cui X, Meng Y, Zhou M, Xiao L, Ma J, Yi G, Chen W. Sleep duration and risk of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Int J Cardiol. 2016;219:231–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, Alessi C, Bruni O, DonCarlos L, Hazen N, Herman J, Katz ES, Kheirandish-Gozal L, et al. National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep Health. 2015;1(1):40–3.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Anastasilakis AD, Polyzos SA, Skouvaklidou EC, Kynigopoulos G, Saridakis ZG, Apostolou A, Triantafyllou GA, Karagiozoglou-Lampoudi T, Mantzoros CS. Circulating follistatin displays a day-night rhythm and is associated with muscle mass and circulating leptin levels in healthy, young humans. Metabolism. 2016;65(10):1459–65.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hansen JS, Plomgaard P. Circulating follistatin in relation to energy metabolism. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2016;433:87–93.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bevilacqua MP, Nelson RM. Selectins. J Clin Invest. 1993;91(2):379–87.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Frey DJ, Fleshner M, Wright KP Jr. The effects of 40 hours of total sleep deprivation on inflammatory markers in healthy young adults. Brain Behav Immun. 2007;21(8):1050–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cederberg KLJ, Hanif U, PerisSempere V, Hedou J, Leary EB, Schneider LD, Lin L, Zhang J, Morse AM, Blackman A, et al. Proteomic biomarkers of the apnea hypopnea index and obstructive sleep apnea: insights into the pathophysiology of presence, severity, and treatment response. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(14):7983.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central