From the Department of Radiology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (F.M., M.D.); Department of Advanced Diagnostic Imaging, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan (F.M., K.K.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan (S.N., H.S.); Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan (T.K.); Department of Advanced MRI Collaborative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (H.O.); Department of Cardiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (K.N.); Saiseikai Matsuyama Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan (R.O.); Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Japan (T.S.); National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan (H.N.); Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (Y.-N.W.); Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.I.); German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany (M.D.); and Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (M.D.), Berlin, Germany.

Received for publication May 30, 2023; and accepted for publication, after revision, August 8, 2023.

M.D. and K.K. contributed equally.

Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: This study received grant support from the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG], Bonn, Germany; grant number: 392304398) to F.M. (MI 2272/1-1) and M.D. (DE 1361/18-1) with K.K. as mercator fellow. F.M. has a patent on fractal analysis of perfusion imaging (jointly with M.D., EPO 2022 EP3350773A1 and USPTO 2021 10,991,109, both issued) and received grants from the German Research Foundation (DFG, MI 2272/1-1 [392304398]). S.N., T.K., H.O., R.O., T.S., H.N., Y.-N.W., and T.I. have no conflicts to declare. H.S. received support from Daiichi Sankyo, Co; Ltd, Fuji Pharma, Co, Ltd; FUJIFILM RI Pharma, Co, Ltd; and Eisai, Co, Ltd. M.D. received grants from EU (EC-GA 603266 in HEALTH.2013.2.4.2-2), DFG (DE 1361/14-1, DE 1361/18-1, BIOQIC GRK 2260/1, Radiomics DE 1361/19-1 [428222922], and 20-1 [428223139] in SPP 2177/1), GUIDE-IT (DE 1361/24-1), Berlin University Alliance (GC_SC_PC 27), and Berlin Institute of Health (Digital Health Accelerator); is an editor for Cardiac CT (Springer Nature); is affiliated with Hands-on cardiac CT courses (www.ct-kurs.de); has institutional research agreements with Siemens, General Electric, Philips, and Canon; and has patent on fractal analysis of perfusion imaging (jointly with F.M., EPO 2022 EP3350773A1 and USPTO 2021 10,991,109, both issued). M.D. is the European Society of Radiology Publications Chair (2022–2025). The opinions expressed in this presentation are the author's own and do not represent the view of European Society of Radiology. K.K. received support from Siemens Japan.

Correspondence to: Florian Michallek, MD, Department of Radiology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany. E-mail: [email protected].

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