Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

Correspondence to Weihong Jiang, Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. Tel: +13786113632; e-mail: [email protected]

Abbreviations: α-SMA, α smooth muscle actin; Akt, protein kinase B; ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BCA, bicinchoninic acid; BMDMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; BSA, bovine serum albumin; Col1α1, collagen 1A1; ECM, extracellular matrix; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; FAD, flavin adenine dinucleotide; FBS, fetal bovine serum; HE, hematoxylin-eosin; HF, heart failure; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; IL-4, interleukin-4; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; LV, left ventricular; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MFs, myofibroblasts; MI, myocardial ischemia; Myh6, myosin heavy chain 6; p-Akt, phosphorylated Akt; PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride; RNLS, renalase; SD, Sprague-Dawley; TAC, transverse aortic constriction; TGF-β1, transforming growth factor β1; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; VEGF-α, vascular endothelial growth factor-α; WB, Western blot analysis

Received 17 March, 2023

Revised 6 November, 2023

Accepted 22 November, 2023

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