From the ∗Infectious Disease Institute and College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH

†Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA

‡Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing

§Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL

¶Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA

∥College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank Justin Franz and Antonia Clifford for overseeing the RADAR project, Daniel T. Ryan and Jessica Rudd for data management, and Juanita Onyekwuluje, Carly Herbert, and Patrick McKibben for HPV laboratory support. The authors also thank the VIM and RADAR study participants for sharing their experiences with us.

Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute on Drug Abuse, or the National Institutes of Health.

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Sources of Funding: The VIM study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U48DP005014). The RADAR study was supported by a grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse at the National Institutes of Health (F32DA046313, PI: Morgan; U01DA036939, PI: Mustanski).

Correspondence: Brian Mustanski, PhD, Northwestern University, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Suite 1400, 625 N Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL 60611. E-mail: [email protected].

Received for publication January 6, 2021, and accepted March 20, 2021.