Vincenzi B, Fioroni I, Pantano F, Angeletti S, Dicuonzo G, Zoccoli A et al (2016) Procalcitonin as diagnostic marker of infection in solid tumors patients with fever. Sci Rep 6:28090

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bonadonna G, Valagussa P, Moliterni A, Zambetti M, Brambilla C (1995) Adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil in node-positive breast cancer: the results of 20 years of follow-up. N Engl J Med 332:901–906

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hanna TP, King WD, Thibodeau S, Jalink M, Paulin GA, Harvey-Jones E et al (2020) Mortality due to cancer treatment delay: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 371:m4087

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liaw C-C, Huang J-S, Chen J-S, Chang JWC, Chang H-K, Liau C-T (2010) Using vital sign flow sheets can help to identify neoplastic fever and other possible causes in oncology patients: a retrospective observational study. J Pain Symptom Manage 40:256–265

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chang JC, Gross HM (1984) Utility of naproxen in the differential diagnosis of fever of undetermined origin in patients with cancer. Am J Med 76:597–603

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang H, Wu Y, Lin Z, Zhong X, Liu T, Huang Z et al (2019) Naproxen for the treatment of neoplastic fever: a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine 98:e15840

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Davies J (2015) Procalcitonin. J Clin Pathol 68:675–679

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cleland DA, Eranki AP (2022) Procalcitonin. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL). Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539794/. Accessed 1 Aug 2022

Chirouze C, Schuhmacher H, Rabaud C, Gil H, Khayat N, Estavoyer J-M et al (2002) Low serum procalcitonin level accurately predicts the absence of bacteremia in adult patients with acute fever. Clin Infect Dis 35:156–161

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Harris PA, Taylor R, Minor BL, Elliott V, Fernandez M, O’Neal L et al (2019) The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners. J Biomed Inform 95:103208

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG (2009) Research electronic data capture (REDCap)–a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform 42:377–381

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Daniel WW, Cross CL (2019) Biostatistics: a foundation for analysis in the health sciences, Eleventh. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ

Google Scholar 

Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang A-G, Buchner A (2007) G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods 39:175–191

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang A-G (2009) Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 41:1149–1160

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Unal I (2017) Defining an optimal cut-point value in ROC analysis: an alternative approach. Comput Math Methods Med 2017:3762651

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Vassallo M, Michelangeli C, Fabre R, Manni S, Genillier PL, Weiss N et al (2021) Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein/procalcitonin ratio as markers of infection in patients with solid tumors. Front Med (Lausanne) 8:627967

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Toussaint E, Bahel-Ball E, Vekemans M, Georgala A, Al-Hakak L, Paesmans M et al (2006) Causes of fever in cancer patients (prospective study over 477 episodes). Support Care Cancer 14:763–769

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bouadma L, Luyt C-E, Tubach F, Cracco C, Alvarez A, Schwebel C et al (2010) Use of procalcitonin to reduce patients’ exposure to antibiotics in intensive care units (PRORATA trial): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 375:463–474

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ding S, Ma J, Song X, Dong X, Xie L, Song X et al (2020) Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein in detection of bacterial infections and prediction of outcome in nonneutropenic febrile patients with lung malignancy. Journal of Oncology 2020:1–13

Google Scholar 

Tancharoen L, Pairattanakorn P, Thamlikitkul V, Angkasekwinai N (2022) Epidemiology and burden of sepsis at Thailand’s largest university-based national tertiary referral center during 2019. Antibiotics 11:899

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Poovieng J, Sakboonyarat B, Nasomsong W (2022) Bacterial etiology and mortality rate in community-acquired pneumonia, healthcare-associated pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia in Thai university hospital. Sci Rep 12:9004

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Thamlikitkul V, Jintanothaitavorn D, Sathitmethakul R, Vaithayaphichet S, Trakulsomboon S, Danchaivijitr S (2001) Bacterial infections in hospitalized patients in Thailand in 1997 and 2000. J Med Assoc Thai 84:666–673

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zell JA, Chang JC (2005) Neoplastic fever: a neglected paraneoplastic syndrome. Support Care Cancer 13:870–877

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

King Saud Medical City Riyadh, Shah AH (2020) Neoplastic fever in a cancer patient: a case report and review of literature. CSMC 7:1–5

Article  Google Scholar 

Bush LM (2024) Fever MSD manual. Available from: https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/biology-of-infectious-disease/fever. Accessed 17 Aug 2024

Karjalainen J (1986) Fever and cardiac rhythm. Arch Intern Med 146:1169

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kim DY, Lee Y-S, Ahn S, Chun YH, Lim KS (2011) The usefulness of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as early diagnostic markers of bacteremia in cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. Cancer Res Treat 43:176–180

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Powell MZ, Mara KC, Bansal R, Hathcock MA, Khurana A, Bennani NN et al (2023) Procalcitonin as a biomarker for predicting bacterial infection in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy recipients. Cancer Med 12:9228–9235

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Osamura Y, Nishiyama H, Hattori T, Gunji M, Yuasa N (2022) Clinico-bacterial and prognostic factors in patients with suspected blood stream infection and elevated serum procalcitonin levels. Nagoya J Med Sci 84:230–246

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Handayani N, Lardo S, Nugrohowati N (2022) Difference of procalcitonin levels in gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial sepsis patients of Indonesia Army Central Hospital Gatot Soebroto in 2016. Universitas Airlangga 13:38

Article  Google Scholar 

Lee Y-C, Yeh H-T, Lu S-W, Tsai Y-C, Tsai Y-C, Yen C-C (2024) Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin in adult non-neutropenic cancer patients with suspected infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 24:278

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Durnaś B, Wątek M, Wollny T, Niemirowicz K, Marzec M, Bucki R et al (2016) Utility of blood procalcitonin concentration in the management of cancer patients with infections. Onco Targets Ther 9:469–475

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kwa AL-H, Aninda Sidharta BR, Son DN, Zirpe K, Periyasamy P, Plongla R et al (2024) Clinical utility of procalcitonin in implementation of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic stewardship in the South-East Asia and India: evidence and consensus-based recommendations. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 22:45–58

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar