Choi H, Steptoe A, Heisler M, et al. Comparison of health outcomes among high- and low-income adults aged 55 to 64 years in the US vs England. JAMA Intern Med. 2020;180(9):1185-1193.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hero JO, Zaslavsky AM, Blendon RJ. The United States leads other nations in differences by income in perceptions of health and health care. Health Aff (Millwood). 2017;36(6):1032-1040.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

OECD. Health for Everyone?: Social Inequalities in Health and Health Systems. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1787/3c8385d0-en. Accessed 09 August 2023.

GBD 2019 Healthcare Access and Quality Collaborators. Assessing performance of the Healthcare Access and Quality Index, overall and by select age groups, for 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Glob Health 2022;10(12):e1715-e43.

Papanicolas I, Figueroa JF. International comparison of patient care trajectories: Insights from the ICCONIC project. Health Serv Res 2021; 56 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):1295-8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

GBD 2019 Universal Health Coverage Collaborators. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 2020;396(10258):1250–84.

Landon BE, Hatfield LA, Bakx P, et al. Differences in treatment patterns and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction for low- and high-income patients in 6 countries. JAMA. 2023;329(13):1088-1097. a

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Papanicolas I, Woskie LR, Jha AK. Health care spending in the United States and other high-income countries. JAMA. 2018;319(10):1024-1039.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mackenbach JP, Rubio Valverde J, Bopp M, et al. Progress against inequalities in mortality: register-based study of 15 European countries between 1990 and 2015. Eur J Epidemiol. 2019;34(12):1131-1142.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tanaka H, Nusselder WJ, Kobayashi Y, Mackenbach JP. Socioeconomic inequalities in self-rated health in Japan, 32 European countries and the United States: an international comparative study. Scand J Public Health. 2023;51(8):1161-1172.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

van Doorslaer E, Wagstaff A, van der Burg H, et al. Equity in the delivery of health care in Europe and the US. J Health Econ. 2000;19(5):553-83.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wagstaff A, Eozenou P, Neelsen S, Smitz MF. Introducing the World Bank’s 2018 Health Equity and Financial Protection Indicators database. Lancet Glob Health. 2019;7(1):e22-e23.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mackenbach JP, Valverde JR, Artnik B, et al. Trends in health inequalities in 27 European countries. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018;115(25):6440-6445.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cram P, Hatfield LA, Bakx P, et al. Variation in revascularisation use and outcomes of patients in hospital with acute myocardial infarction across six high income countries: cross sectional cohort study. BMJ. 2022;377:e069164.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Street A, Smith P. How can we make valid and useful comparisons of different health care systems? Health Serv Res. 2021;56 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):1299-1301.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mehta B, Ho K, Ling V, et al. Are income-based differences in TKA use and outcomes reduced in a single-payer system? A large-database comparison of the United States and Canada. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2022;480(9):1636-1645.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Osborn R, Squires D, Doty MM, Sarnak DO, Schneider EC. In new survey Of eleven countries, US adults still struggle with access to and affordability of health care. Health Aff (Millwood). 2016;35(12):2327-2336.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Carpintero P, Caeiro JR, Carpintero R, Morales A, Silva S, Mesa M. Complications of hip fractures: A review. World J Orthop. 2014;5(4):402-11.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Werner M, Macke C, Gogol M, Krettek C, Liodakis E. Differences in hip fracture care in Europe: a systematic review of recent annual reports of hip fracture registries. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2022;48(3):1625-1638.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) Investigators. Fracture fixation in the operative management of hip fractures (FAITH): an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2017;389(10078):1519–1527.

Berry SD, Rothbaum RR, Kiel DP, Lee Y, Mitchell SL. Association of clinical outcomes with surgical repair of hip fracture vs nonsurgical management in nursing home residents with advanced dementia. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178(6):774-780.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bhandari M, Swiontkowski M. Management of Acute Hip Fracture. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(21):2053-2062.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Burrack N, Hatfield LA, Bakx P, et al. Variation in care for patients presenting with hip fracture in six high-income countries: A cross-sectional cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2023;71(12):3780-3791

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Charalambous A, Pincus D, High S, et al. Association of surgical experience with risk of complication in total hip arthroplasty among patients with severe obesity. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2123478.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

de Bruijne MC, van Rosse F, Uiters E, et al. Ethnic variations in unplanned readmissions and excess length of hospital stay: a nationwide record-linked cohort study. Eur J Public Health. 2013;23(6):964-71.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hsieh CY, Su CC, Shao SC, et al. Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database: past and future. Clin Epidemiol. 2019;11:349-358.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Peach EJ, Pearce FA, Gibson J, Cooper AJ, Chen LC, Knaggs RD. Opioids and the risk of fracture: A self-controlled case series study in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Am J Epidemiol. 2021;190(7):1324-1331.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang GH, Man KKC, Chang WH, Liao TC, Lai EC. Use of antipsychotic drugs and cholinesterase inhibitors and risk of falls and fractures: self-controlled case series. BMJ. 2021;374:n1925.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zeltzer D, Einav L, Rashba J, Waisman Y, Haimi M, Balicer RD. Adoption and utilization of device-assisted telemedicine. J Health Econ. 2023;90:102780.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wolf A, Dedman D, Campbell J, et al. Data resource profile: Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum. Int J Epidemiol. 2019;48(6):1740-1740g.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Quan H, Sundararajan V, Halfon P, et al. Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data. Med Care. 2005;43(11):1130-9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cram P, Yan L, Bohm E, et al. Trends in operative and nonoperative hip gracture management 1990-2014: A longitudinal analysis of Manitoba administrative data. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2017;65(1):27-34.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Management of Hip Fractures in Older Adults Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline. 2021. Available at: https://www.aaos.org/globalassets/quality-and-practice-resources/hip-fractures-in-the-elderly/hipfxcpg.pdf. Accessed 04 September 2023.

Pincus D, Ravi B, Wasserstein D, et al. Association between wait time and 30-day mortality in adults undergoing hip fracture surgery. JAMA. 2017;318(20):1994-2003.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cram P, Wachter RM, Landon BE. Readmission reduction as a hospital quality measure: Time to move on to more pressing concerns? JAMA. 2022;328(16):1589-1590.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Papanicolas I, Riley K, Abiona O, et al. Differences in health outcomes for high-need high-cost patients across high-income countries. Health Serv Res. 2021;56 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):1347-1357.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wodchis WP, Or Z, Blankart CR, et al. An international comparison of long-term care trajectories and spending following hip fracture. Health Serv Res. 2021;56 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):1383-1393.