Silvain, J. et al. Beta-blocker interruption or continuation after myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2404204 (2024).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hjalmarson, A. et al. Effect on mortality of metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction. A double-blind randomised trial. Lancet 2, 823–827 (1981).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Norwegian Multicenter Study Group. Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 304, 801–807 (1981).

Friedman, L. M. A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. I. Mortality results. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 247, 1707–1714 (1982).

Article  Google Scholar 

Yndigegn, T. et al. Beta-blockers after myocardial infarction and preserved ejection fraction. N. Engl. J. Med 390, 1372–1381 (2024).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vrints, C. et al. ESC guidelines for the management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur. Heart J. 45, 3415–3537 (2024).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McEvoy, J. W. et al. ESC guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Eur. Heart J. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae178 (2024).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mars, K. et al. Effects of beta-blockers on quality of life and well-being in patients with myocardial infarction and preserved left ventricular function—a prespecified substudy from REDUCE-AMI. Eur. Heart J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacother. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvae062 (2024).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Korhonen, M. J. et al. Adherence tradeoff to multiple preventive therapies and all-cause mortality after acute myocardial infarction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 70, 1543–1554 (2017).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Steg, P. G. Routine beta-blockers in secondary prevention — on injured reserve. N. Engl. J. Med. 390, 1434–1436 (2024).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar