K.Y.C.L. thanks the British Heart Foundation for funding the work on cryo-X-PCI (BHF FS/4yPhD/F/20/34134) and acknowledges her PhD supervisory team, Andrew C. Cook and Petros Syrris (UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, UK) and Hector Dejea (European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France), for their support and discussions. She also thanks Vishwanie Budhram-Mahadeo (UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, UK) for providing wild-type C57BL/6 mice for the study (project licence number PB12FFA7E), Thomas Treibel (St Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, UK) for providing biopsy samples from patients with aortic stenosis, and the Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland, for synchrotron radiation beamtime at the TOMCAT beamline X02DA of the Swiss Light Source.