Warris A, Lehrnbecher T, Roilides E, Castagnola E, Brüggemann RJM, Groll AH (2019) ESCMID-ECMM Guideline: Diagnosis and Management of Invasive Aspergillosis in Neonates and Children. Clin Microbiol Infect 25:1096–1113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.05.019

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Papachristou S, Iosifidis E, Roilides E (2019) Invasive Aspergillosis in Pediatric Leukemia Patients: Prevention and Treatment. J Fungi Basel Switz 5:E14. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof5010014

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pana ZD, Roilides E, Warris A, Groll AH, Zaoutis T (2017) Epidemiology of Invasive Fungal Disease in Children. J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc 6:S3–S11. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/pix046

Article  Google Scholar 

Karlsson MO, Lutsar I, Milligan PA (2009) Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Voriconazole Plasma Concentration Data from Pediatric Studies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53:935–944. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00751-08

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lestrade PP, Bentvelsen RG, Schauwvlieghe AFAD, Schalekamp S, van der Velden WJFM, Kuiper EJ, van Paassen J, van der Hoven B, van der Lee HA, Melchers WJG et al (2019) Voriconazole Resistance and Mortality in Invasive Aspergillosis: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am 68:1463–1471. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy859

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Jin H, Wang T, Falcione BA, Olsen KM, Chen K, Tang H, Hui J, Zhai S (2016) Trough Concentration of Voriconazole and Its Relationship with Efficacy and Safety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 71:1772–1785. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkw045

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bartelink IH, Wolfs T, Jonker M, de Waal M, Egberts TCG, Ververs TT, Boelens JJ, Bierings M (2013) Highly Variable Plasma Concentrations of Voriconazole in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 57:235–240. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01540-12

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Andes D, Marchillo K, Stamstad T, Conklin R (2003) In Vivo Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of a New Triazole, Voriconazole, in a Murine Candidiasis Model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47:3165–3169. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.47.10.3165-3169.2003

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Faghihi T, Tiihonen M (2021) Voriconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: How to Adjust the Dose in Pediatrics? Iran. J Pediatr 31. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijp.111582

Jeans AR, Howard SJ, Al-Nakeeb Z, Goodwin J, Gregson L, Warn PA, Hope WW (2012) Combination of Voriconazole and Anidulafungin for Treatment of Triazole-Resistant Aspergillus Fumigatus in an in Vitro Model of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 56:5180–5185. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01111-12

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang T, Xie J, Wang Y, Zheng X, Lei J, Wang X, Dong H, Yang Q, Chen L, Xing J et al (2015) Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Oral Voriconazole in Patients with Invasive Fungal Infections. Pharmacotherapy 35:797–804. https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.1631

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Soler-Palacin P, Frick MA, Martin-Nalda A, Lanaspa M, Pou L, Rosello E, Diaz de Heredia C, Figueras C (2012) Voriconazole Drug Monitoring in the Management of Invasive Fungal Infection in Immunocompromised Children: A Prospective Study. J Antimicrob Chemother 67:700–706. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkr517

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bellmann R, Smuszkiewicz P (2017) Pharmacokinetics of Antifungal Drugs: Practical Implications for Optimized Treatment of Patients. Infection 45:737–779. https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-017-1042-z

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pascual A, Calandra T, Bolay S, Buclin T, Bille J, Marchetti O (2008) Voriconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Invasive Mycoses Improves Efficacy and Safety Outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 46:201–211. https://doi.org/10.1086/524669

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Park WB, Kim N-H, Kim K-H, Lee SH, Nam W-S, Yoon SH, Song K-H, Choe PG, Kim NJ, Jang I-J et al (2012) The Effect of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring on Safety and Efficacy of Voriconazole in Invasive Fungal Infections: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am 55:1080–1087. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cis599

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ashbee HR, Barnes RA, Johnson EM, Richardson MD, Gorton R, Hope WW (2014) Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) of Antifungal Agents: Guidelines from the British Society for Medical Mycology. J Antimicrob Chemother 69:1162–1176. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkt508

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Neely M, Margol A, Fu X, van Guilder M, Bayard D, Schumitzky A, Orbach R, Liu S, Louie S, Hope W (2015) Achieving Target Voriconazole Concentrations More Accurately in Children and Adolescents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 59:3090–3097. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00032-15

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dolton MJ, Ray JE, Chen SC-A, Ng K, Pont LG, McLachlan AJ (2012) Multicenter Study of Voriconazole Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 56:4793–4799. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00626-12

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Choi S-H, Lee S-Y, Hwang J-Y, Lee SH, Yoo KH, Sung KW, Koo HH, Kim Y-J (2013) Importance of Voriconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Pediatric Cancer Patients with Invasive Aspergillosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 60:82–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24262

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kang HM, Lee HJ, Cho EY, Yu K-S, Lee H, Lee JW, Kang HJ, Park KD, Shin HY, Choi EH (2015) The Clinical Significance of Voriconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Children With Invasive Fungal Infections. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 32:557–567. https://doi.org/10.3109/08880018.2015.1088905

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ruiz J, Gordon M, Villarreal E, Peruccioni M, Marqués MR, Poveda-Andrés JL, Castellanos-Ortega Á, Ramirez P (2019) Impact of Voriconazole Plasma Concentrations on Treatment Response in Critically Ill Patients. J Clin Pharm Ther 44:572–578. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpt.12817

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kadam RS, Van Den Anker JN (2016) Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology of Voriconazole: Role of Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling in Pharmacotherapy. Clin Pharmacokinet 55:1031–1043. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-016-0379-2

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hanai Y, Hamada Y, Kimura T, Matsumoto K, Takahashi Y, Fujii S, Nishizawa K, Takesue Y (2021) Optimal Trough Concentration of Voriconazole with Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Infect Chemother Off J Jpn Soc Chemother 27:151–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2020.11.014

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Boast A, Curtis N, Cranswick N, Gwee A (2016) Voriconazole Dosing and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Children: Experience from a Paediatric Tertiary Care Centre. J Antimicrob Chemother 71:2031–2036. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkw056

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li H, Li M, Yan J, Gao L, Zhou L, Wang Y, Li Q, Wang J, Chen T, Wang T et al (2020) Voriconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Critically Ill Patients Improves Efficacy and Safety of Antifungal Therapy. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol bcpt.13465. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.13465

Troke PF, Hockey HP, Hope WW (2011) Observational Study of the Clinical Efficacy of Voriconazole and Its Relationship to Plasma Concentrations in Patients▿. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 55:4782–4788. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01083-10

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zane NR, Thakker DR (2014) A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Voriconazole Disposition Predicts Intestinal First-Pass Metabolism in Children. Clin Pharmacokinet 53:1171–1182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40262-014-0181-y

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Luong M-L, Al-Dabbagh M, Groll AH, Racil Z, Nannya Y, Mitsani D, Husain S (2016) Utility of Voriconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Meta-Analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 71:1786–1799. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkw099

Article