Bu S, Wang Q, Zhang Q et al (2016) Human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells exhibit intrinsic anti-tumor properties on human epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Sci Rep 6:37019

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Byun CS, Hwang S, Woo SH et al (2020) Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells suppress growth of Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells via interferon (IFN)-beta-mediated JAK/STAT1 pathway in vitro. Int J Med Sci 17:609–619

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Castro-Oropeza R, Vazquez-Santillan K, Díaz-Gastelum C et al (2020) Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote the malignant phenotype of cervical cancer. Sci Rep 10:14205. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69907-x

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Cuerquis J, Romieu-Mourez R, François M et al (2014) Human mesenchymal stromal cells transiently increase cytokine production by activated T cells before suppressing T-cell proliferation: effect of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α stimulation. Cytotherapy 16:191–202

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Dorfaki M, Ghatrehsamani M, Lavi Arab F, Roozbehani M et al (2024) Effects of adipose-tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells on PBMCs in co-culture with HeLa cell line. Turk J Immunol 12:19–27

Article  Google Scholar 

El Atat O, Antonios D, Hilal G et al (2016) An evaluation of the stemness, paracrine, and tumorigenic characteristics of highly expanded, minimally passaged adipose-derived stem cells. PLoS ONE 11:e0162332

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Farahzadi R, Valipour B, Sanaat Z et al (2023) Investigation of the apoptotic effects of mesenchymal stem cells on KG-1 leukemic cell line. Pharm Sci 29:479–485

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Fathi E, Farahzadi R (2016) Isolation, culturing, characterization and aging of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a brief overview. Braz Arch Biol Technol 59:e16150383. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2016150383

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Fathi E, Mesbah-Namin SA, Vietor I et al (2022) Mesenchymal stem cells cause induction of granulocyte differentiation of rat bone marrow C-kit + hematopoietic stem cells through JAK3/STAT3, ERK, and PI3K signaling pathways. Iran J Basic Med Sci 25:1222–1227. https://doi.org/10.22038/IJBMS.2022.66737.14633

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ghorbani S, Maleki M (2020) Inhibition of cervical cancer cell line HeLa by human Wharton’s jelly stem cells through induction of apoptosis. Gene Cell Tissue 7:e99206

Article  Google Scholar 

Guo L, Hua K (2020) Cervical cancer: emerging immune landscape and treatment. OncoTargets Ther 13:37–80

Article  Google Scholar 

Herzig M, Christy B, Montgomery R et al (2021) Interactions of human mesenchymal stromal cells with peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a mitogenic proliferation assay. J Immunol Methods 492:113000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2021.113000

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Hossein-Khannazer N, Hashemi SM, Namaki S et al (2020) The effects of dental pulp stem cell conditioned media on the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Immunoregulation 2:69–74. https://doi.org/10.32598/Immunoregulation.1.4.187

Article  Google Scholar 

Jung PY, Ryu H, Rhee KJ et al (2019) Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured at high density express IFN-β and TRAIL and suppress the growth of H460 human lung cancer cells. Cancer Lett 440:202–210

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kagabu M, Nagasawa T, Fukagawa D, Tomabechi H, Sato S, Shoji T, Baba T (2019) Immunotherapy for uterine cervical cancer. Healthcare 7:108

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kitaeva KV, Prudnikov TS, Gomzikova MO et al (2019) Analysis of the interaction and proliferative activity of adenocarcinoma, peripheral blood mononuclear, and mesenchymal stromal cells after co-cultivation in vitro. Bionanoscience 9:502–509

Article  Google Scholar 

Kostadinova M, Antonov B, Kinov P et al (2020) Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit the growth of prostate carcinoma cells in long-term cultivation. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip 34:354–360

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Olmedo-Moreno L, Aguilera Y, Balina-Sanchez C et al (2022) Heterogeneity of in vitro expanded mesenchymal stromal cells and strategies to improve their therapeutic actions. Pharmaceutics 14:1112

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rahmatizadeh F, Pashaei-Asl F, Dehcheshmeh MM et al (2020) Reduction in the viability of human cervical cancer HeLa cell line via Indirect co-culture with amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Womens Health Reprod Sci 8:319–327

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ramírez Idarraga JA, Restrepo Múnera LM (2023) Mesenchymal stem cells: their role in the tumor microenvironment. Tissue Eng B 29:681–691. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.TEB.2023.0048Epub 2023 Jul 10. PMID: 37276173

Article  Google Scholar 

Ryu H, Oh JE, Rhee KJ et al (2014) Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured at high density express IFN-b and suppress the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 352:220–227

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Serhal R, Saliba N, Hilal G et al (2019) Effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on hepatocellular carcinoma: in vitro inhibition of carcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 25:567–583

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sherer MV, Kotha NV, Williamson C, Mayadev J (2022) Advances in immunotherapy for cervical cancer: recent developments and future directions. Int J Gynecol Cancer 32:281–287

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tao Z, Huang C Wang D et al (2023) Lactate induced mesenchymal stem cells activation promotes gastric cancer cells migration and proliferation. Exp Cell Res 424:113492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113492

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Viveros-Carreño D, Fernandes A, Pareja R (2023) Updates on cervical cancer prevention. Int J Gynecol Cancer 33:394–402

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yang T, Tang S, Peng S et al (2022) The effects of mesenchymal stem cells on oral cancer and possible therapy regime. Front Genet 30:949770

Article  Google Scholar 

Yousefi F, Arab FL, Rastin M et al (2021) Comparative assessment of immunomodulatory, proliferative, and antioxidant activities of crocin and crocetin on mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 122:29–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.29826

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhang C, Yang SJ, Wen Q et al (2017) Human-derived normal mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in anticancer therapies. J Cancer 8:85–96

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhang R, Liu Q, Zhou S (2023) Mesenchymal stem cell suppresses the efficacy of CAR-T toward killing lymphoma cells by modulating the microenvironment through stanniocalcin-1. Elife 12:e82934

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhao Y, Zhong X, Du F et al (2023) The role of mesenchymal stem cells in cancer immunotherapy. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 18:1056–1068

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar