Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL et al (2021) Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 71:209–249

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Johnson DE, Burtness B, Leemans CR, Lui VWY, Bauman JE, Grandis JR (2020) Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Prim 6:92

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Syed MI, Stewart M, Syed S, Dahill S, Adams C, Mclellan DR, Clark LJ (2011) Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland: primary or secondary disease? J Laryngol Otol 125(1):3–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215110002070

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rahman M, Okada AR, Guan K, Tauchi-Nishi P (2017) Metastatic neoplasms to the thyroid diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration/core needle biopsy: clinicopathologic and cytomorphologic correlation. Cytojournal 14:16

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lam KY, Lo CY (1998) Metastatic tumors of the thyroid gland: a study of 79 cases in Chinese patients. Arch Pathol Lab Med 122(1):37

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nakhjavani MK, Gharib H, Goellner JR, Heerden JA (1997) Metastasis to the thyroid gland: a report of 43 cases. Cancer 79(3):574–8

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Willis RA (1931) Metastatic tumours in the thyroid gland. Am J Pathol 7:187-208.3

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zivaljevic V, Jovanovic M, Perunicic V, Paunovic I (2018) Surgical treatment of metastasis to the thyroid gland: a single center experience and literature review. Hippokratia 22:137–140

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Michelow PM, Leiman G (1995) Metastases to the thyroid gland: diagnosis by aspiration cytology. Diagn Cytopathol 13:209–213. https://doi.org/10.1002/dc.284013030

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vatsyayan A, Mandlik D, Patel P et al (2019) Metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck to the thyroid: a single institution’s experience with a review of relevant publications. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 57:609–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.05.012

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nakhjavani M, Gharib H, Goellner JR et al (1999) Direct extension of malignant lesions to the thyroid gland from adjacent organs: report of 17 cases. Endocr Pract 5:69–71

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ivy HK (1984) Cancer metastatic to the thyroid: a diagnostic problem. Mayo Clin Proc 59:856–859

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Michelow PM, Leiman G (1995) Metastases to the thyroid gland: diagnosis by aspiration cytology. Diagn Cytopathol 13:209–213

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kim TY, Kim WB, Gong G et al (2005) Metastasis to the thyroid diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 62:236–241

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Papi G, Fadda G, Corsello SM et al (2007) Metastases to the thyroid gland: prevalence, clinicopathological aspects and prognosis: a 10-year experience. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 66:565–571

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ciobanu D, Vulpoi C, Galusca B et al (2007) The value of the immunohistochemical exam in the diagnosis of the secondary malignant tumors to the thyroid gland. Rom J Morphol Embryol 48:113–119

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jalaludin MA, Rajadurai P, Va R et al (1994) Thyroid metastasis from nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case report. J Laryngol Otol 108:886–888

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schwender FT, Wollner I, Kunju LP et al (2002) Squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa with metastases to the pericardial cavity, lung and thyroid. Oral Oncol 38:114–116

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chiumento C, Fiorentino A, Castaldo G et al (2011) A case of thyroid metastasis of nasopharyngeal cancer. Tumori 97:24e-e26

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Osmany S, Padhy AK, Ng DC (2008) Detection of thyroid metastases from nasopharyngeal carcinoma with F-18 FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med 33:224–225

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Aparici CM, Win AZ (2014) Two cases of thyroid metastasis from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma detected by FDG-PET/CT. J Clin Imaging Sci 4:62

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McCabe DP, Farrar WB, Petkov TM et al (1985) Clinical and pathologic correlations in disease metastatic to the thyroid gland. Am J Surg 150:519–523

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rosen IB, Walfish PG, Bain J et al (1995) Secondary malignancy of the thyroid gland and its management. Ann Surg Oncol 2:252–256

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen H, Nicol TL, Udelsman R (1999) Clinically significant, isolated metastatic disease to the thyroid gland. World J Surg 23:177–781

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

De Ridder M, Sermeus AB, Urbain D et al (2003) Metastases to the thyroid gland – a report of six cases. Eur J Intern Med 14:377–379

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dequanter D, Lothaire P, Larsimont D et al (2004) Intrathyroid metastasis: 11 cases. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 65:205–208 ((in French))

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jankowska P, Teoh EM, Fisher C et al (2008) Case report. Isolated intrathyroid metastasis from undifferentiated and squamous carcinoma of the head and neck: the case for surgery and re-irradiation. Br J Radiol 81:154–61

Article  Google Scholar 

Dhouib H, Ben Hmida A, Daoud J et al (2009) A case of thyroid metastasis of an unusual cancer. Cancer Radiother 13:213–215

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lewis SC, D’cruz AK, Joshi A et al (2017) Thyroid mass: metastasis from nasopharyngeal cancer – an unusual presentation. Indian J Palliat Care 23:104–108

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gumaa D, Christakis I, Mihai R (2018) Metastasis to the thyroid gland from a tonsil squamous cell carcinoma. AME Case Rep 7(2):7

Article  Google Scholar 

Takenobu M, Moritani S, Yoshioka K, Morisaki T, Kitano H (2018) A case report of thyroid metastasis from p16-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Endocr J 65(4):479–483

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Go JH (2023) Intrathyroidal metastasis of tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma masquerading as a primary thyroid tumor. J Pathol Transl Med 57(4):242–245

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar