GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cardiovascular Disease: What Do Clinicians Need to Know?

Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: Update from the GBD 2019 study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76:2982–3021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gregg EW, Li Y, Wang J, et al. Changes in diabetes-related complications in the United States, 1990–2010. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1514–23. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1310799.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shah AD, Langenberg C, Rapsomaniki E, et al. Type 2 diabetes and incidence of cardiovascular diseases: a cohort study in 1·9 million people. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015;3:105–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70219-0.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cefalu WT, Kaul S, Gerstein HC, et al. Cardiovascular outcomes trials in type 2 diabetes: Where do we go from here? Reflections from a diabetes care editors’ expert forum. Diabetes Care. 2018;41:14–31. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci17-0057.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Christou GA, Katsiki N, Blundell J, et al. Semaglutide as a promising antiobesity drug. Obes Rev. 2019;20:805–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12839.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Helmstädter J, Keppeler K, Küster L, et al. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and their cardiovascular benefits-the role of the GLP-1 receptor. Br J Pharmacol. 2022;179:659–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15462.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sharma A, Pagidipati NJ, Califf RM, et al. Impact of regulatory guidance on evaluating cardiovascular risk of new glucose-lowering therapies to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus: Lessons learned and future directions. Circulation. 2020;141:843–62. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.041022.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kristensen SL, Rørth R, Jhund PS, et al. Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019;7:776–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30249-9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bailey CJ, Marx N. Cardiovascular protection in type 2 diabetes: Insights from recent outcome trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019;21:3–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.13492.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Marx N, Husain M, Lehrke M, et al. GLP-1 receptor agonists for the reduction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Circulation. 2022;146:1882–1894. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059595. Highlights the mechanism of GLP-1RAs in reducing cardiovascular disease.

Drucker DJ, Goldfine AB. Cardiovascular safety and diabetes drug development. Lancet. 2011;377:977–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62299-4.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Singh S, Garg A, Tantry US, et al. Safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular events in overweight or obese non-diabetic patients. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2024;49:102403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102403. Important meta-analysis of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with overweight or obesity.

Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration; Sarwar N, Gao P, Seshasai SR, et al. Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Lancet. 2010;375:2215–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60484-9.

Rask-Madsen C, King GL. Vascular complications of diabetes: Mechanisms of injury and protective factors. Cell Metab. 2013;17:20–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.11.012.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Petersen KF, Dufour S, Befroy D, et al. Impaired mitochondrial activity in the insulin-resistant offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:664–71. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa031314.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kim JK. Endothelial nuclear factor κB in obesity and aging: is endothelial nuclear factor κB a master regulator of inflammation and insulin resistance? Circulation. 2012;125(9):1081–3. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.090134.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li Y, Woo V, Bose R. Platelet hyperactivity and abnormal Ca(2+) homeostasis in diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2001;280:H1480–9. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.4.H1480.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Guh DP, Zhang W, Bansback N, et al. The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2009;9:88. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-88.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Powell-Wiley TM, Poirier P, Burke LE, et al; American Heart Association Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; and Stroke Council. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: A scientific statement from the american heart association. Circulation. 2021;143:e984-e1010. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000973.

Janochova K, Haluzik M, Buzga M. Visceral fat and insulin resistance - what we know? Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2019;163(1):19–27. https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2018.062.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ferhatbegović L, Mršić D, Macić-Džanković A. The benefits of GLP1 receptors in cardiovascular diseases. Front Clin Diabetes Healthc. 2023;4:1293926. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1293926.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Marso SP, Bain SC, Consoli A, et al. Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(19):1834–44. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1607141.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Husain M, Birkenfeld AL, Donsmark M, et al. Oral semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2019;381:841–51. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1901118.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lincoff AM, Brown-Frandsen K, Colhoun HM, et al. Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2023;389:2221–2232. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2307563. Recent CVOT of semaglutide in patients without T2DM with overweight or obesity.

Ryan DH, Lingvay I, Colhoun HM, et al. Semaglutide effects on cardiovascular outcomes in people with overweight or obesity (SELECT) rationale and design. Am Heart J. 2020;229:61–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.07.008.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lingvay I, Brown-Frandsen K, Colhoun HM, et al. Semaglutide for cardiovascular event reduction in people with overweight or obesity: SELECT study baseline characteristics. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2023;31:111–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23621.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Marso SP, Daniels GH, Brown-Frandsen K, et al. Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:311–22. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1603827.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nikolic D, Patti AM, Giglio RV, et al. Liraglutide improved cardiometabolic parameters more in obese than in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes: A real-world 18-month prospective study. Diabetes Ther. 2022;13:453–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-022-01217-z.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gerstein HC, Colhoun HM, Dagenais GR, et al. Dulaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (REWIND): A double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2019;394(10193):121–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31149-3.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

O’Neil PM, Birkenfeld AL, McGowan B, et al. Efficacy and safety of semaglutide compared with liraglutide and placebo for weight loss in patients with obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active controlled, dose-ranging, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2018;392:637–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31773-2.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, et al. Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:989–1002. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wadden TA, Bailey TS, Billings LK, et al. Effect of subcutaneous semaglutide vs placebo as an adjunct to intensive behavioral therapy on body weight in adults with overweight or obesity: The STEP 3 randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021;325:1403–13. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.1831.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rubino D, Abrahamsson N, Davies M, et al. Effect of continued weekly subcutaneous semaglutide vs placebo on weight loss maintenance in adults with overweight or obesity: The STEP 4 randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021;325:1414–25. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.3224.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Davies M, et al. Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: The STEP 1 trial extension. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022;24(8):1553–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.14725.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rubino DM, Greenway FL, Khalid U, et al. Effect of weekly subcutaneous semaglutide vs daily liraglutide on body weight in adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes: The STEP 8 randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2022;327(2):138–50. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.23619.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Blackman A, Foster GD, Zammit G, et al. Effect of liraglutide 3.0 mg in individuals with obesity and moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea: The SCALE Sleep Apnea randomized clinical trial. Int J Obes (Lond). 2016;40:1310–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2016.52.

Pi-Sunyer X, Astrup A, Fujioka K, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of 3.0 mg of liraglutide in weight management. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:11–22. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1411892.

Wadden TA, Hollander P, Klein S, et al. Weight maintenance and additional weight loss with liraglutide after low-calorie-diet-induced weight loss: The SCALE Maintenance randomized study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2013;37:1443–51. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2013.120.

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif