Bensaid M, Melko M, Bechara EG, Davidovic L, Berretta A, Catania MV, Gecz J et al (2009) FRAXE-associated mental retardation protein (FMR2) is an RNA-binding protein with high affinity for G-quartet RNA forming structure. Nucleic Acids Res 37(4):1269–1279. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkn1058

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen Y, Cramer P (2019) Structure of the super-elongation complex subunit AFF4 C-terminal homology domain reveals requirements for AFF homo- and heterodimerization. J Biol Chem 294(27):10663–10673. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra119.008577

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen Y, Wang Y, Lin W, Sheng R, Wu Y, Xu R, Zhou C et al (2020) AFF1 inhibits adipogenic differentiation via targeting TGM2 transcription. Cell Prolif 53(6):e12831. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.12831

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Das S, Sutoh Y, Hirano M, Han Q, Li J, Cooper MD, Herrin BR (2016) Characterization of lamprey BAFF-like gene: evolutionary implications. J Immunol 197(7):2695–2703. Characterization of lamprey BAFF-like gene: evolutionary implications

Gilbert W (1987) The exon theory of genes. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 52:901–905. https://doi.org/10.1101/sqb.1987.052.01.098

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Herman PE, Papatheodorou A, Bryant SA, Waterbury CKM, Herdy JR, Arcese AA, Buxbaum JD et al (2018) Highly conserved molecular pathways, including Wnt signaling, promote functional recovery from spinal cord injury in lampreys. Sci Rep 8(1):742. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18757-1

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hu J, Zhang G, Rodemer W, Jin LQ, Shifman M, Selzer ME (2017) The role of RhoA in retrograde neuronal death and axon regeneration after spinal cord injury. Neurobiol Dis 98:25–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2016.11.006

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hu H, Zhang Y, Zhao L et al (2021) AFF4 facilitates melanoma cell progression by regulating c-Jun activity. Exp Cell Res 399(2):112445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112445

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hunt SE, McLaren W, Gil L, Thormann A, Schuilenburg H, Sheppard D, Parton A et al (2018) Ensembl variation resources. Database (Oxford) 2018:bay119. https://doi.org/10.1093/database/bay119

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Inoue Y, Tsuchida N, Okamoto N, Shuichi S, Ohashi K, Saitoh S, Ogawa A et al (2023) Three KINSSHIP syndrome patients with mosaic and germline AFF3 variants. Clin Genet 103(5):590–595. https://doi.org/10.1111/cge.14292

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K (2018) MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 35(6):1547–1549. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy096

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lefèvre L, Omeiri H, Drougat L, Hantel C, Giraud M, Val P, Rodriguez S et al (2015) Combined transcriptome studies identify AFF3 as a mediator of the oncogenic effects of β-catenin in adrenocortical carcinoma. Oncogenesis 4(7):e161. https://doi.org/10.1038/oncsis.2015.20

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lin C, Garrett AS, De Kumar B, Smith ER, Gogol M, Seidel C, Krumlauf R et al (2011) Dynamic transcriptional events in embryonic stem cells mediated by the super elongation complex (SEC). Genes Dev 25(14):1486–1498. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.2059211

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Long Q, Xiang M, Xiao L, Wang J, Guan X, Liu J, Liao C (2023) The biological significance Of AFF4: promoting transcription elongation, osteogenic differentiation and tumor progression. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073241079230920082056

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Luo Z, Lin C, Guest E, Garrett AS, Mohaghegh N, Swanson S, Marshall S et al (2012) The super elongation complex family of RNA polymerase II elongation factors: gene target specificity and transcriptional output. Mol Cell Biol 32(13):2608–2617. https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00182-12

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Melko M, Douguet D, Bensaid M, Zongaro S, Verheggen C, Gecz J, Bardoni B (2011) Functional characterization of the AFF (AF4/FMR2) family of RNA-binding proteins: insights into the molecular pathology of FRAXE intellectual disability. Hum Mol Genet 20(10):1873–1885. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddr069

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Meyer A, Schartl M (1999) Gene and genome duplications in vertebrates: the one-to-four (-to-eight in fish) rule and the evolution of novel gene functions. Curr Opin Cell Biol 11(6):699–704. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0955-0674(99)00039-3

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ni C, Liu W, Zheng K et al (2023) PI3K/ c-Myc/AFF4 axis promotes pancreatic tumorigenesis through fueling nucleotide metabolism. Int J Biol Sci 19(6):1968–1982. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.77150

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4(4):406–425. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040454

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sidow A (1996) Gen(om)e duplications in the evolution of early vertebrates. Curr Opin Genet Dev 6(6):715–722. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0959-437x(96)80026-8

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Voisin N, Schnur RE, Douzgou S, Hiatt SM, Rustad CF, Brown NJ, Earl DL et al (2021) Variants in the degron of AFF3 are associated with intellectual disability, mesomelic dysplasia, horseshoe kidney, and epileptic encephalopathy. Am J Hum Genet 108(5):857–873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.04.001

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Volff JN (2005) Genome evolution and biodiversity in teleost fish. Heredity (Edinb) 94(3):280–294.Genome evolution and biodiversity in teleost fish

Xiao Q, Zhang Y, Qi X, Chen Y, Sheng R, Xu R, Yuan Q et al (2020) AFF4 regulates osteogenic differentiation of human dental follicle cells. Int J Oral Sci 12(1):20. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-020-0083-9

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Xu Y, Zhu SW, Li QW (2016) Lamprey: a model for vertebrate evolutionary research. Zool Res 37(5):263–269. https://doi.org/10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2016.5.263

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhou CC, Xiong QC, Zhu XX, Du W, Deng P, Li XB, Jiang YZ et al (2017) AFF1 and AFF4 differentially regulate the osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs. Bone Res 5:17044. https://doi.org/10.1038/boneres.2017.44

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhu T, Li Y, Pang Y, Han Y, Li J, Wang Z, Liu X et al (2021) Chromosome-level genome assembly of Lethenteronreissneri provides insights into lamprey evolution. Mol EcolResour 21(2):448–463. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13279

Article  CAS  Google Scholar