From the Department of Urology (C.K.H.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery (R.M.), School of Medicine (J.W.), and Division of Urology, Department of Surgery (R.M., J.W., A.K.B., A.J.S.), Intermountain Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Surgery (S.A.Z., K.T.K.), University of California Davis, Sacramento, California; Medical College of Wisconsin, School of Medicine (A.S.); Department of Surgery (K.T.F.-O'.B.), Medical College of Wisconsin and Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Division of Trauma, Department of General Surgery (G.S., S.S., N.F.), Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey; Department of Surgery (A.B.H.), WakeMed, Raleigh; Department of General Surgery (K.A.Z.), Section of Pediatric Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Radiology (G.C.K.), Nemours Children's Hospital, Orlando, Florida; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery (B.E.L.), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; Nemours Children's Health (J.M.D.), Jacksonville, Florida; Department of Surgery (M.S.), Department of Urology (C.C.), and Department of Surgery (X.L.-O.), Loma Linda University Medical Center and Children's Hospital, Loma Linda, California; Department of Urology (J.R.S., M.S., F.B.), Beaumont Health—Royal Oak, Royal Oak, Michigan; Department of Surgery (R.A.M., M.E.R.), Section of Urology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; Pediatric Urology Research Enterprise, Department of Pediatric Urology (V.M.V., N.V.H., H.M.L.), Children's Hospital Colorado; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery (V.M.V., N.V.H., H.M.L.), University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Urology (B.N.), Cornell University; Department of Urology (H.C., B.B.), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Division of Urology (I.S., K.F., T.P.), Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center (J.S.); and Department of Urology (P.N., J.C.H.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Submitted: July 13, 2023, Revised: October 3, 2023, Accepted: October 19, 2023, Published online: November 15, 2023.

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text, and links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.jtrauma.com).

Address for correspondence: Judith C. Hagedorn, MD, MHS, Department of Urology, University of Washington, 325 9th Ave, Box 359868, Seattle, WA 98104; email: [email protected].