Ahmed Z, Cooper J, Murray TK, Garn K, McNaughton E, Clarke H, Parhizkar S, Ward MA, Cavallini A, Jackson S, Bose S, Clavaguera F, Tolnay M, Lavenir I, Goedert M, Hutton ML, O’Neill MJ. A novel in vivo model of tau propagation with rapid and progressive neurofibrillary tangle pathology: the pattern of spread is determined by connectivity, not proximity. Acta Neuropathol. 2014;127:667–83.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Allen B, Ingram E, Takao M, Smith MJ, Jakes R, Virdee K, Yoshida H, Holzer M, Craxton M, Emson PC, Atzori C, Migheli A, Crowther RA, Ghetti B, Spillantini MG, Goedert M. Abundant tau filaments and Nonapoptotic Neurodegeneration in transgenic mice expressing human P301S tau protein. J Neurosci. 2002;22:9340.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ameen-Ali KE, Easton A, Eacott MJ. Moving beyond standard procedures to assess spontaneous recognition memory. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015;53:37–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ben-Nejma IRH, Keliris AJ, Vanreusel V, Ponsaerts P, Van der Linden A, Keliris GA. Altered dynamics of glymphatic flow in a mature-onset Tet-off APP mouse model of amyloidosis. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2023;15:23.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bergamini G, Sigrist H, Ferger B, Singewald N, Seifritz E, Pryce CR. Depletion of nucleus accumbens dopamine leads to impaired reward and aversion processing in mice: relevance to motivation pathologies. Neuropharmacology. 2016;109:306–19.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Calafate S, Buist A, Miskiewicz K, Vijayan V, Daneels G, de Strooper B, de Wit J, Verstreken P, Moechars D. Synaptic contacts enhance cell-to-cell tau pathology propagation. Cell Rep. 2015;11:1176–83.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cohen SJ, Stackman RW Jr. Assessing rodent hippocampal involvement in the novel object recognition task. A review. Behav Brain Res. 2015;285:105–17.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Courtin J, Bitterman Y, Müller S, Hinz J, Hagihara KM, Müller C, Lüthi A. A neuronal mechanism for motivational control of behavior. Science. 2022;375:eabg7277.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cui H, Wang W, Zheng X, Xia D, Liu H, Qin C, Tian H, Teng J. Decreased AQP4 expression aggravates ɑ-synuclein pathology in Parkinson’s disease mice, possibly via impaired glymphatic clearance. J Mol Neurosci. 2021;71:2500–13.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

De Silva R, Lashley T, Gibb G, Hanger D, Hope A, Reid A, Bandopadhyay R, Utton M, Strand C, Jowett T, Khan N, Anderton B, Wood N, Holton J, Revesz T, Lees A. Pathological inclusion bodies in tauopathies contain distinct complements of tau with three or four microtubule-binding repeat domains as demonstrated by new specific monoclonal antibodies. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2003;29:288–302.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gmaz JM, van der MAA Meer. Context coding in the mouse nucleus accumbens modulates motivationally relevant information. PLoS Biol. 2022;20:e3001338.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gómez-Ramos A, Díaz-Hernández M, Cuadros R, Hernández F, Avila J. Extracellular tau is toxic to neuronal cells. FEBS Lett. 2006;580:4842–50.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gomolka RS, Hablitz LM, Mestre H, Giannetto M, Du T, Hauglund NL, Xie L, Peng W, Martinez PM, Nedergaard M, Mori Y. Loss of aquaporin-4 results in glymphatic system dysfunction via brain-wide interstitial fluid stagnation. eLife. 2023;12:e82232.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gruber AJ, McDonald RJ. Context, emotion, and the strategic pursuit of goals: interactions among multiple brain systems controlling motivated behavior. Front Behav Neurosci. 2012;6:50.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hablitz LM, Nedergaard M. The glymphatic system: a novel component of fundamental neurobiology. J Neurosci. 2021;41:7698.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Harrison IF, Ismail O, Machhada A, Colgan N, Ohene Y, Nahavandi P, Ahmed Z, Fisher A, Meftah S, Murray TK, Ottersen OP, Nagelhus EA, O’Neill MJ, Wells JA, Lythgoe MF. Impaired glymphatic function and clearance of tau in an Alzheimer’s disease model. Brain. 2020;143:2576–93.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Holmes BB, Diamond MI. Prion-like properties of Tau protein: the importance of extracellular Tau as a therapeutic target. J Biol Chem. 2014;289:19855–61.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hou Y, Dan X, Babbar M, Wei Y, Hasselbalch SG, Croteau DL, Bohr VA. Ageing as a risk factor for neurodegenerative disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2019;15:565–81.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Huber VJ, Tsujita M, Nakada T. Identification of aquaporin 4 inhibitors using in vitro and in silico methods. Bioorg Med Chem. 2009;17:411–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Igarashi H, Huber VJ, Tsujita M, Nakada T. Pretreatment with a novel aquaporin 4 inhibitor, TGN-020, significantly reduces ischemic cerebral edema. Neurol Sci. 2011;32:113–6.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Iliff JJ, Chen MJ, Plog BA, Zeppenfeld DM, Soltero M, Yang L, Singh I, Deane R, Nedergaard M. Impairment of glymphatic pathway function promotes tau pathology after traumatic brain injury. J Neurosci. 2014;34:16180–93.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Iliff JJ, Wang M, Liao Y, Plogg BA, Peng W, Gundersen GA, Benveniste H, Vates GE, Deane R, Goldman SA, Nagelhus EA, Nedergaard M. A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid β. Sci Transl Med. 2012;4:147ra111.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ishida K, Yamada K, Nishiyama R, Hashimoto T, Nishida I, Abe Y, Yasui M, Iwatsubo T. Glymphatic system clears extracellular tau and protects from tau aggregation and neurodegeneration. J Exp Med. 2022;219:3.

Article  Google Scholar 

Jessen NA, Munk AS, Lundgaard I, Nedergaard M. The glymphatic system: a beginner’s guide. Neurochem Res. 2015;40:2583–99.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Johnson NR, Condello C, Guan S, Oehler A, Becker J, Gavidia M, Carlson GA, Giles K, Prusiner SB. Evidence for sortilin modulating regional accumulation of human tau prions in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114:E11029–36.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jorge Cardoso M, Leung K, Modat M, Keihaninejad S, Cash D, Barnes J, Fox NC, Ourselin S. STEPS: Similarity and Truth Estimation for Propagated Segmentations and its application to hippocampal segmentation and brain parcelation. Med Image Anal. 2013;17:671–84.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kamagata K, Andica C, Takabayashi K, Saito Y, Taoka T, Nozaki H, Kikuta J, Fujita S, Hagiwara A, Kamiya K, Wada A, Akashi T, Sano K, Nishizawa M, Hori M, Naganawa S, Aoki S. Association of MRI indices of glymphatic system with amyloid deposition and cognition in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2022;99:e2648-2660.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kress BT, Iliff JJ, Xia M, Wang M, Wei HS, Zeppenfeld D, Xie L, Kang H, Xu Q, Liew JA, Plog BA, Ding F, Deane R, Nedergaard M. Impairment of paravascular clearance pathways in the aging brain. Ann Neurol. 2014;76:845–61.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Langford DJ, Bailey AL, Chanda ML, Clarke SE, Drummond TE, Echols S, Glick S, Ingrao J, Klassen-Ross T, LaCroix-Fralish ML, Matsumiya L, Sorge RE, Sotocinal SG, Tabaka JM, Wong D, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Ferrari MD, Craig KD, Mogil JS. Coding of facial expressions of pain in the laboratory mouse. Nat Methods. 2010;7:447–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li D, Liu C. Conformational strains of pathogenic amyloid proteins in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2022;23:523–34.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li L, Ding G, Zhang L, Davoodi-Bojd E, Chopp M, Li Q, Zhang ZG, Jiang Q. Aging-related alterations of glymphatic transport in rat: in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and kinetic study. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14:841798.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liang T, Chang F, Huang Z, Peng D, Zhou X, Liu W. Evaluation of glymphatic system activity by diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) in dementia patients. Br J Radiol. 2023;96:20220315.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lopes DM, Llewellyn SK, Harrison IF. Propagation of tau and α-synuclein in the brain: therapeutic potential of the glymphatic system. Transl Neurodegener. 2022;11:19.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lundgaard