*Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA

†National Clinician Scholars Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT

‡Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT

§Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT

∥Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven CT

This study was supported by funding from the National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health (R01NR014855, Aiken, McHugh; T32NR007104, Aiken, Lake, McHugh) and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (T32017589, Schlesinger).

This study was presented at the IRGNI, AcademyHealth, 2023.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Correspondence to: Kathleen E. Fitzpatrick Rosenbaum, PhD, National Clinician Scholars Program, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, SHM IE-70, P.O. Box 208088, New Haven, CT 06510-8088. E-mail: [email protected].

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