Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dementia Research Institute, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK

Imogen J. Swift, Amanda Heslegrave, Carolin Heller, Emily Abel, Henrik Zetterberg & Aitana Sogorb-Esteve

Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK

Imogen J. Swift, Carolin Heller, Aitana Sogorb-Esteve & Jonathan D. Rohrer

Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA

Rosa Rademakers, NiCole Finch, Matt Baker & Dennis W. Dickson

VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium

Rosa Rademakers

Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Rosa Rademakers

Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy

Roberta Ghidoni & Luisa Benussi

MAC-Memory Clinic and Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy

Giuliano Binetti

Unit of Neurology V and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy

Giacomina Rossi

Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

Matthis Synofzik, Carlo Wilke & David Mengel

German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany

Matthis Synofzik, Carlo Wilke & David Mengel

Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, BioclinicumKarolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden

Caroline Graff

Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden

Caroline Graff

Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil

Leonel T. Takada

Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036, Barcelona, Spain

Raquel Sánchez-Valle, Anna Antonell, Alba Gómez-Núñez & Roger Puey

Dept. of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

Daniela Galimberti & Chiara Fenoglio

Neurodegerative Diseases Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy

Daniela Galimberti, Chiara Fenoglio, Maria Serpente, Marina Arcaro, Andrea Arighi & Enmanuela Rotondo

Department of Neurology, Otto Von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany

Stefanie Schreiber, Stefan Vielhaber & Philipp Arndt

Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar E Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

Isabel Santana, João Durães, Marisa Lima & Miguel Tábuas-Pereira

Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

Isabel Santana

Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

Isabel Santana, Maria Rosario Almeida, Miguel Tábuas-Pereira & João Lemos

Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain

Fermín Moreno, Myriam Barandiaran & Alazne Gabilondo

Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Health Research Insitute, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain

Fermín Moreno, Myriam Barandiaran & Alazne Gabilondo

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany

Johannes Stubert

Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain

Estrella Gómez-Tortosa, Pablo Agüero & M. José Sainz

Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan

Tomohito Gohda & Maki Murakoshi

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomicbomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan

Nozomu Kamei

Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima, Japan

Nozomu Kamei

Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Sarah Kittel-Schneider

Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

Sarah Kittel-Schneider & Johannes Weigl

Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany

Andreas Reif

Department of Psychiatry, Hospital in Tauberbischofsheim, Tauberbischofsheim, Germany

Johannes Weigl

University of Pennsylvania, Gene Therapy Program, Philadelphia, USA

Jinlong Jian

Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

Chuanju Liu

A&G Pharmaceutical Inc, Columbia, MD, USA

Ginette Serrero

Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA

Ginette Serrero

Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany

Thomas Greither

Department of Urology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany

Gerit Theil

Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

Ebba Lohmann

DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany

Ebba Lohmann

Department of Neurological and Vision Sciences, Neurophysiology Unit, ASST SpedaliCivili, Brescia, Italy

Stefano Gazzina

Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 85, 50134, Florence, Italy

Silvia Bagnoli

Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA

Giovanni Coppola

Department of Psychiatry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA

Giovanni Coppola

Regional Neurogenetic Centre, ASPCZ, Lamezia Terme, Italy

Amalia Bruni

Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany

Mirja Quante

Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases - LIFE, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

Wieland Kiess, Andreas Hiemisch & Anne Jurkutat

Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

Wieland Kiess

Center of Pediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

Wieland Kiess & Andreas Hiemisch

Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

Matthew S. Block

Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA

Aaron M. Carlson

Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

Geir Bråthen, Sigrid Botne Sando & Gøril Rolfseng Grøntvedt

Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU. , Trondheim, Norway

Geir Bråthen, Sigrid Botne Sando & Gøril Rolfseng Grøntvedt

Department of Research, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

Camilla Lauridsen

Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Erasmus MC, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Lize C. Jiskoot, Lieke H. H. Meeter, Emma L. van der Ende, John C. van Swieten & Harro Seelaar

Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

Bradley Boeve & Ronald C. Petersen

Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA

Neill R. Graff-Radford

Sorbonne UniversitéInserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau Et La Moelle Épinière (ICM), AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France

Isabelle LeBer & Leila Sellami

Centre de Référence Des Démences Rares Ou Précoces, IM2A, Département de Neurologie, AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France

Leila Sellami

UF de Biochimie Des Maladies Neurométaboliques Et Neurodégénératives, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, AP-HP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France

Foudil Lamari

UF de Neurogénétique Moléculaire Et Cellulaire, Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France

Fabienne Clot

Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

Barbara Borroni, Valentina Cantoni & Jasmine Rivolta

Neurology Department. Hospital Sant Pau, Memory Unit, Barcelona, Spain

Alberto Lleó, Juan Fortea, Daniel Alcolea & Ignacio Illán-Gala

Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031, Madrid, Spain

Alberto Lleó, Juan Fortea, Daniel Alcolea & Ignacio Illán-Gala

Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08913, Barcelona, Spain

Alberto Lleó, Juan Fortea, Daniel Alcolea & Ignacio Illán-Gala

Institute of Rheumatology, Na Slupi 4, 12850, Prague 2, Prague, Czech Republic

Lucie Andres-Cerezo

Laboratory of Neurobiology, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, 3000, Louvain, Belgium

Philip Van Damme

Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain

Jordi Clarimon

Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Jordi Clarimon

Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, University Clinic Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany

Petra Steinacker & Markus Otto

Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

Emily Feneberg

UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK

Henrik Zetterberg

Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 43180, Mölndal, Sweden

Henrik Zetterberg

Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden

Henrik Zetterberg

Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden

Henrik Zetterberg

Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China

Henrik Zetterberg

Imogen Swift and Jonathan Rohrer analysed and interpreted the data and wrote the initial draft of the manuscript. All authors (Rosa Rademakers, NiCole Finch, Matt Baker, Roberta Ghidoni, Luisa Benussi, Giuliano Binetti, Giacomina Rossi, Matthis Synofzik, Carlo Wilke, David Mengel, Caroline Graff, Leonel T. Takada, Raquel Sánchez-Valle, Anna Antonell, Daniela Galimberti, Chiara Fenoglio, Maria Serpente, Marina Arcaro, Stefanie Schreiber, Stefan Vielhaber, Philipp Arndt, Isabel Santana, Maria Rosario Almeida, Fermín Moreno, Myriam Barandiaran, Alazne Gabilondo, Johannes Stubert, Estrella Gómez-Tortosa, Pablo Agüero, M. José Sainz, Tomohito Gohda, Maki Murakoshi, Nozomu Kamei, Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Botne Sando, Gøril Rolfseng Grøntvedt, Camilla Lauridsen, Amanda Heslegrave, Carolin Heller, Emily Abel, Alba Gómez-Núñez, Roger Puey, Andrea Arighi, Enmanuela Rotondo, Lize C. Jiskoot, Lieke HH Meeter, João Durães, Marisa Lima, Miguel Tábuas-Pereira, João Lemos, Bradley Boeve, Ronald C. Petersen, Dennis W. Dickson, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Isabelle LeBer, Leila Sellami, Foudil Lamari, Fabienne Clot, Barbara Borroni, Valentina Cantoni, Jasmine Rivolta, Ignacio Illán-Gala, Lucie Andres-Cerezo, Philip Damme, Jordi Clarimon, Petra Steinacker, Emily Feneberg, Markus Otto, Emma L. Ende, John C. Swieten, Harro Seelaar, Henrik Zetterberg, Aitana Sogorb-Esteve) read and approved the final manuscript.