aDepartment of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan

bDepartment of Surgery, Shin Kyoto-Minami Hospital, Kyoto, Japan

cDepartment of Emergency Medical Science, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan

dDepartment of Emergency Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan

Received 22 August 2023 Accepted 24 October 2023.

Correspondence to Yoshio Tanaka, MD, PhD, Research Fellow and Clinical Lecturer, Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan Tel: +81 76 265 2000; fax: +81 76 234 0973; e-mail: [email protected]