Churruca K, Ellis LA, Pomare C, Hogden A, Bierbaum M, Long JC, et al. Dimensions of safety culture: a systematic review of quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods for assessing safety culture in hospitals. BMJ Open. 2021;11(7): e043982.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Malik RF, Buljac-Samardžić M, Akdemir N, Hilders C, Scheele F. What do we really assess with organisational culture tools in healthcare? An interpretive systematic umbrella review of tools in healthcare. BMJ Open Qual. 2020;9(1): e000826.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

de Carvalho REFL, Bates DW, Syrowatka A, Almeida I, Sousa L, Goncalves J, et al. Factors determining safety culture in hospitals: a scoping review. BMJ Open Quality. 2023;12(4): e002310.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kalteh HO, Mortazavi SB, Mohammadi E, Salesi M. The relationship between safety culture and safety climate and safety performance: a systematic review. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2021;27(1):206–16.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Welp A, Manser T. Integrating teamwork, clinician occupational well-being and patient safety – development of a conceptual framework based on a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2016;16:281.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Falcone ML, Van Stee SK, Tokac U, et al. Adverse event reporting priorities: an integrative review. J Patient Saf. 2022;18(4):e727–40.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Braithwaite J, Herkes J, Ludlow K, Testa L, Lamprell G. Association between organisational and workplace cultures, and patient outcomes: systematic review. BMJ Open. 2017;7(11): e017708.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lee SE, Scott LD, Dahinten VS, Vincent C, Lopez KD, Park CG. Safety culture, patient safety, and quality of care outcomes: a literature review. West J Nurs Res. 2019;41(2):279–304.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

DiCuccio MH. The relationship between patient safety culture and patient outcomes: a systematic review. J Patient Saf. 2015;11(3):135–42.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Vikan M, Haugen AS, Bjørnnes AK, Valeberg BT, Deilkås ECT, Danielsen SO. The association between patient safety culture and adverse events – a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023;23(1):300.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jung JJ, Elfassy J, Jüni P, Grantcharov T. Adverse events in the operating room: definitions, prevalence, and characteristics. A Systematic Review World J Surg. 2019;43(10):2379–92.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

de Vries EN, Ramrattan MA, Smorenburg SM, Gouma DJ, Boermeester MA. The incidence and nature of in-hospital adverse events: a systematic review. Qual Saf Health Care. 2008;17(3):216–23.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schwendimann R, Blatter C, Dhaini S, Simon M, Ausserhofer D. The occurrence, types, consequences and preventability of in-hospital adverse events - a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18(1):521.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Suliburk JW, Buck QM, Pirko CJ, Massarweh NN, Barshes NR, Singh H, et al. Analysis of human performance deficiencies associated with surgical adverse events. JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2(7): e198067.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zegers M, de Bruijne MC, de Keizer B, Merten H, Groenewegen PP, van der Wal G, et al. The incidence, root-causes, and outcomes of adverse events in surgical units: implication for potential prevention strategies. Patient Saf Surg. 2011;5:1–11.

Article  Google Scholar 

Buhlmann M, Ewens B, Rashidi A. The impact of critical incidents on nurses and midwives: a systematic review. J Clin Nurs. 2021;30(9–10):1195–205.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Busch IM, Moretti F, Purgato M, Barbui C, Wu AW, Rimondini M. Psychological and psychosomatic symptoms of second victims of adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Patient Saf. 2020;16(2):e61–74.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alqattan H, Morrison Z, Cleland JA. A narrative synthesis of qualitative studies conducted to assess patient safety culture in hospital settings. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2019;19(2):e91–8.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kumar H, Morad R, Sonsati M. Surgical team: improving teamwork, a review. Postgrad Med J. 2019;95(1124):334–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Maxwell JA. Qualitative research design: an interactive approach. 3rd ed. Los Angeles: Sage; 2013.

Google Scholar 

Graneheim UH, Lindgren B-M, Lundman B. Methodological challenges in qualitative content analysis: A discussion paper. Nurse Educ Today. 2017;56:29–34.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Patton MQ. Qualitative research & evaluation methods: integrating theory and practice. 4th ed. Los Angeles: Sage; 2015.

Google Scholar 

Braun V, Clarke V. Is thematic analysis used well in health psychology? A critical review of published research, with recommendations for quality practice and reporting. Health Psychol Rev. 2023;17(4):695–718.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wheeldon J, Faubert J. Framing experience: concept maps, mind maps, and data collection in qualitative research. Int J Qual Methods. 2009;8(3):68–83.

Article  Google Scholar 

Malterud K, Siersma VD, Guassora AD. Sample size in qualitative interview studies: guided by information power. Qual Health Res. 2016;26(13):1753–60.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Braun V, Clarke V. Thematic analysis: a practical guide. Los Angeles: Sage; 2022.

Book  Google Scholar 

Braun V, Clarke V. Successful qualitative research: a practical guide for beginners. Los Angeles: Sage; 2013.

Google Scholar 

Donabedian A. The quality of care. How can it be assessed? JAMA. 1988;260(12):1743–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Haugen AS, Wæhle HV, Almeland SK, Harthug S, Sevdalis N, Eide GE, et al. Causal analysis of World Health Organizationʼs surgical safety checklist implementation quality and impact on care processes and patient outcomes: secondary analysis from a large stepped wedge cluster randomized controlled trial in Norway. Ann Surg. 2019;269(2):283–90.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Haynes AB, Weiser TG, Berry WR, Lipsitz SR, Breizat AH, Dellinger EP, et al. A surgical safety checklist to reduce morbidity and mortality in a global population. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(5):491–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Edmondson AC, Lei Z. Psychological safety: The history, renaissance, and future of an interpersonal construct. Annu Rev Organ Psychol Organ Behav. 2014;1(1):23–43.

Article  Google Scholar 

Pattni N, Arzola C, Malavade A, Varmani S, Krimus L, Friedman Z. Challenging authority and speaking up in the operating room environment: a narrative synthesis. Br J Anaesth. 2019;122(2):233–44.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Søreide K. A formula for survival in surgery. Patient Saf Surg. 2023;17(1):1–5.

Article  Google Scholar 

Edmondson AC, Bransby DP. Psychological safety comes of age: Observed themes in an established literature. Annu Rev Organ Psychol Organ Behav. 2023;10(1):55–78.

Article  Google Scholar 

Swendiman RA, Edmondson AC, Mahmoud NN. Burnout in surgery viewed through the lens of psychological safety. Ann Surg. 2019;269(2):234–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jones A, Blake J, Adams M, Kelly D, Mannion R, Maben J. Interventions promoting employee “speaking-up” within healthcare workplaces: A systematic narrative review of the international literature. Health Policy. 2021;125(3):375–84.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wawersik DM, Boutin ER, Gore T, Palaganas JC. Individual characteristics that promote or prevent psychological safety and error reporting in healthcare: a systematic review. J Healthc Leadersh. 2023;15:59–70.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

O’Donovan R, Ward M, De Brún A, McAuliffe E. Safety culture in health care teams: a narrative review of the literature. J Nurs Manag. 2019;27(5):871–83.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Park O, Jeon M, Kim M, Kim B, Jeong H, editors. The Effects of a Simulation-Based Patient Safety Education Program on Compliance with Patient Safety, Perception of Patient Safety Culture, and Educational Satisfaction of Operating Room Nurses. Healthcare; 2023;11:2824

O’Donovan R, McAuliffe E. A systematic review of factors that enable psychological safety in healthcare teams. Int J Qual Health Care. 2020;32(4):240–50.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bamdad MC, Vitous CA, Rivard SJ, Anderson M, Lussiez A, De Roo A, et al. What we talk about when we talk about coping: a qualitative study of surgery resident’s coping after complications and deaths. Ann Surg. 2023;278(2):e422–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sandhu H, Foote DC, Evans J, Santosa KB, Kemp MT, Donkersloot, et al. “The story I will never forget”: Critical incident narratives in surgical residency. Ann Surg. 2023;277(3):e496–502.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sattar R, Johnson J, Lawton R. The views and experiences of patients and health-care professionals on the disclosure of adverse events: a systematic review and qualitative meta-ethnographic synthesis. Health Expect. 2020;23(3):571–83.