*Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD

†Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL

‡Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD

The collection of cancer incidence data used in this study was supported by the California Department of Public Health pursuant to California Health and Safety Code Section 103885; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National Program of Cancer Registries, under cooperative agreement 1NU58DP007156; the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program under contract HHSN261201800032I awarded to the University of California, San Francisco, contract HHSN261201800015I awarded to the University of Southern California, and contract HHSN261201800009I awarded to the Public Health Institute.

This study used the linked SEER-Medicare database.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Correspondence to: Amy J. Davidoff, PhD, MS, Healthcare Delivery Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 3E-512, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20858. E-mail: [email protected].

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