Taslima Mamataz, MD PhD Candidate, Faculty of Health, York University; and KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute – University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Douglas S. Lee, MD, PhD, FRCPC Professor, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto and Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, ON, Canada.

Karam Turk-Adawi, PhD, MPH, AACVPR Associate Professor, Head of Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha.

Ahmad Hajaj, RN, MSN PhD Candidate, Head of Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha.

Jillianne Code, PhD Associate Professor, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Sherry L. Grace, PhD, CRFC Professor, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sr. Scientist, KITE – Toronto Rehabilitation Institute – University Health Network, University of Toronto, and Research Director, Cardiac Rehabilitation, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, UHN, Toronto, ON, Canada.

This research received postdoctoral fellowship funding from Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University Health Network, Canada. This work was supported by Qatar University International Research Collaboration Co-Fund with York University (grant number IRCC-2022-601).

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Correspondence Sherry L. Grace, PhD, FCCS, CRFC, Faculty of Health, York University – Bethune 368, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada ([email protected]).

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