aRobert Koch Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring

bDZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin

cCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

dDepartment of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine

eDepartment of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Correspondence to Julia C. Büschges, Robert Koch Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, General Pape Str. 62-66, D-12101 Berlin, Germany. Tel: +4930187543469; e-mail: [email protected]

Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; BP, blood pressure; CI, confidence intervals; CIMT, carotid intima-media thickness; DC, distensibility coefficient; GAMLSS, generalized additive models for location; scale and shape, HbA1c; hemoglobin A1c, HDL; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LD; lumen diameter, MAP; mean arterial pressure, OR; odds ratio, PP; pulse pressure, RHR; resting heart rate

Received 17 May, 2023

Revised 17 August, 2023

Accepted 5 September, 2023

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