aDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital

bDepartment of Medical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine

cKorea University Research Institute for Medical Bigdata Science, College of Medicine, Korea University

dDepartment of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul

eDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan

fDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Correspondence to Eung Ju Kim, MD, PhD, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea. E-mail: [email protected]

Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; CDM, Common Data Model; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, hazard ratio; ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision; ID, identifier; MACE, major adverse cardiac events; OMOP, Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership; SBP, systolic blood pressure

Received 17 April, 2023

Revised 17 July, 2023

Accepted 28 July, 2023

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