Yafi FA, Jenkins L, Albersen M, Corona G, Isidori AM, Goldfarb S, et al. Erectile dysfunction. Nature Reviews. Disease Primers. 2016; 2:16003. [DOI:10.1038/nrdp.2016.3] [PMID] [PMCID]

Feldman HA, Goldstein I, Hatzichristou DG, Krane RJ, McKinlay JB. Impotence and its medical and psychosocial correlates: Results of the Massachusetts male aging study. The Journal of Urology. 1994; 151(1):54-61. [DOI:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)34871-1] [PMID]

Corona G, Lee DM, Forti G, O‘Connor DB, Maggi M, O‘Neill TW, et al. Age-related changes in general and sexual health in middle-aged and older men: Results from the European Male Ageing Study (EMAS). The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2010; 7(4pt1):1362-80. [DOI:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01601.x] [PMID]

Nguyen HMT, Gabrielson AT, Hellstrom WJG. Erectile dysfunction in Young Men-A review of the prevalence and risk factors. Sexual Medicine Reviews. 2017; 5(4):508-20. [DOI:10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.05.004] [PMID]

Francis ME, Kusek JW, Nyberg LM, Eggers PW. The contribution of common medical conditions and drug exposures to erectile dysfunction in adult males. The Journal of Urology. 2007; 178(2):591-6. [DOI:10.1016/j.juro.2007.03.127] [PMID]

Heaton JP, Adams MA. Causes of erectile dysfunction. Endocrine. 2004; 23(2-3):119-23. [DOI:10.1385/ENDO:23:2-3:119] [PMID]

Shamloul R, Ghanem H. Erectile dysfunction. Lancet. 2013; 381(9861):153-65. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60520-0] [PMID]

Kouidrat Y, Pizzol D, Cosco T, Thompson T, Carnaghi M, Bertoldo A, et al. High prevalence of erectile dysfunction in diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 145 studies. Diabetic Medicine. 2017; 34(9):1185-92. [DOI:10.1111/dme.13403] [PMID]

Rosen RC. Psychogenic erectile dysfunction. Classification and management. Urologic Clinics of North America. 2001; 28(2):269-78. [DOI:10.1016/S0094-0143(05)70137-3] [PMID]

Araujo AB, Durante R, Feldman HA, Goldstein I, McKinlay JB. The relationship between depressive symptoms and male erectile dysfunction: Cross-sectional results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. Psychosomatic Medicine. 1998; 60(4):458-65. [DOI:10.1097/00006842-199807000-00011] [PMID]

Bodie JA, Beeman WW, Monga M. Psychogenic erectile dysfunction. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine. 2003; 33(3):273-93. [DOI:10.2190/NHV6-3DYB-X51G-4BVM] [PMID]

Glina S, Cohen DJ, Vieira M. Diagnosis of erectile dysfunction. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 2014; 27(6):394-9. [DOI:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000097] [PMID]

Gonzalez-Cadavid NF, Rajfer J. Therapy of erectile dysfunction: Potential future treatments. Endocrine. 2004; 23(2-3):167-76. [DOI:10.1385/ENDO:23:2-3:167] [PMID]

Peak TC, Yafi FA, Sangkum P, Hellstrom WJ. Emerging drugs for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs. 2015; 20(2):263-75. [DOI:10.1517/14728214.2015.1021682] [PMID]

Kałka D, Gebala J, Smoliński R, Rusiecki L, Pilecki W, Zdrojowy R. Low-energy shock wave therapy-A novel treatment option for erectile dysfunction in men with cardiovascular disease. Urology. 2017; 109:19-26. [DOI:10.1016/j.urology.2017.05.030] [PMID]

Lin CS, Xin Z, Dai J, Huang YC, Lue TF. Stem-cell therapy for erectile dysfunction. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy. 2013; 13(11):1585-97. [DOI:10.1517/14712598.2013.847085] [PMID]

Gong B, Ma M, Xie W, Yang X, Huang Y, Sun T, et al. Direct comparison of tadalafil with sildenafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Urology and Nephrology. 2017; 49(10):1731-40. [DOI:10.1007/s11255-017-1644-5] [PMID] [PMCID]

Brunton LL, Hilal-Dandan R, Knollmann BC. Goodman & Gilman‘s the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2018. [Link]

Curran M, Keating G. Tadalafil. Drugs. 2003; 63(20):2203-12. [DOI:10.2165/00003495-200363200-00004] [PMID]

Prasetyo DT, Raharja PAR, Mantiri BJ, Ringoringo DRL, Rahman IA, Felizio J, et al. Tadalafil once a day for men with erectile dysfunction: Is it superior than on-demand administration? Acta Medica Indonesiana. 2019; 51(3):275-81. [PMID]

Rust KY, Wilkens H, Kaiser R, Bregel D, Wilske J, Kraemer T. Detection and validated quantification of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, and 2 of their metabolites in human blood plasma by LC-MS/MS--application to forensic and therapeutic drug monitoring cases. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. 2012; 34(6):729-35. [DOI:10.1097/FTD.0b013e31827318b8] [PMID]

Hasegawa K, Suzuki O, Gonmori K, Yamagishi I, Nozawa H, Watanabe K. Simultaneous analysis of sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, and their desalkyl metabolites in human whole blood and urine by isotope dilution LC-MS-MS. Forensic Toxicology. 2012; 30(1):25-32. [DOI:10.1007/s11419-011-0125-2]

Strano-Rossi S, Anzillotti L, de la Torre X, Botrè F. A gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the determination of sildenafil, vardenafil and tadalafil and their metabolites in human urine. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry: RCM. 2010; 24(11):1697-706. [DOI:10.1002/rcm.4568] [PMID]

Proença P, Mustra C, Marcos M, Franco JM, Corte-Real F, Vieira DN. Validated UPLC-MS/MS assay for the determination of synthetic phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors in postmortem blood samples. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2013; 20(6):655-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.jflm.2013.03.002] [PMID]

Singh S, Prasad B, Savaliya AA, Shah RP, Gohil VM, Kaur A. Strategies for characterizing sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil and their analogues in herbal dietary supplements, and detecting counterfeit products containing these drugs. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2009; 28(1):13-28. [DOI:10.1016/j.trac.2008.09.004]

Sanada T, Yoshida N, Matsushita R, Kimura K, Tsuboi H. Falsified tadalafil tablets distributed in Japan via the internet. Forensic Science International. 2020; 307:110143. [DOI:10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110143] [PMID]

Nagasawa S, Saka K, Yamagishi Y, Yajima D, Chiba F, Yamaguchi R, et al. Association between sexual activity-related death and non-prescription use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Legal Medicine. 2021; 48:101815. [DOI:10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101815] [PMID]

Hazell L, Cornelius V, Wilton LV, Shakir SA. The safety profile of tadalafil as prescribed in general practice in England: Results from a prescription-event monitoring study involving 16 129 patients. BJU International. 2009; 103(4):506-14. [DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.08000.x] [PMID]

Emmick JT, Stuewe SR, Mitchell M. Overview of the cardiovascular effects of tadalafil. European Heart Journal Supplements. 2002; 4(suppl_H):H32-47. [DOI:10.1016/S1520-765X(02)90050-7]

Mónica FZ, De Nucci G. Tadalafil for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 2019; 20(8):929-37. [DOI:10.1080/14656566.2019.1589452] [PMID]

Yamanishi T, Kaga K, Sakata K, Yokoyama T, Kageyama S, Fuse M, et al. A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of tadalafil monotherapy versus combination of tadalafil and mirabegron for the treatment of persistent overactive bladder symptoms in men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (CONTACT Study). Neurourology and Urodynamics. 2020; 39(2):804-12. [DOI:10.1002/nau.24285] [PMID] [PMCID]

Coghlan JG, Galiè N, Barberà JA, Frost AE, Ghofrani HA, Hoeper MM, et al. Initial combination therapy with ambrisentan and tadalafil in connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD-PAH): Subgroup analysis from the AMBITION trial. Annals of The Rheumatic Diseases. 2017; 76(7):1219-27. [DOI:10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210236] [PMID] [PMCID]

Kuwana M, Blair C, Takahashi T, Langley J, Coghlan JG. Initial combination therapy of ambrisentan and tadalafil in connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD-PAH) in the modified intention-to-treat population of the AMBITION study: Post hoc analysis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2020; 79(5):626-34. [DOI:10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216274] [PMID] [PMCID]

No author. LiverTox: Clinical and research information on drug-induced liver injury [Internet]. 2012 [Updated 2023 September]. Available from: [Link]

Lameijer CM, Tielliu IF, van Driel MF, Zeebregts CJ. Type B aortic dissection after the use of tadalafil. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2012; 93(2):651-3. [DOI:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.07.016] [PMID]

Montorsi F, Verheyden B, Meuleman E, Jünemann KP, Moncada I, Valiquette L, et al. Long-Term safety and tolerability of tadalafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. European Urology. 2004; 45(3):339-45. [DOI:10.1016/j.eururo.2003.11.010] [PMID]

Hazell L, Boshier A, Harris S, Wilton LV, Shakir SA. An observational cohort study investigating the cardiovascular safety of tadalafil when prescribed in primary care in England: Mortality due to ischaemic heart disease. BJU International. 2007; 99(2):387-93. [DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.06581.x] [PMID]

Sesti C, Florio V, Johnson EG, Kloner RA. The phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor tadalafil reduces myocardial infarct size. International Journal of Impotence Research. 2007; 19(1):55-61. [DOI:10.1038/sj.ijir.3901497] [PMID]

Tzoumas N, Farrah TE, Dhaun N, Webb DJ. Established and emerging therapeutic uses of PDE type 5 inhibitors in cardiovascular disease. British Journal of Pharmacology. 2020; 177(24):5467-88. [DOI:10.1111/bph.14920] [PMID] [PMCID]

Patterson D, Kloner R, Effron M, Emmick J, Bedding A, Warner M, et al. The effect of tadalafil on the time to exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in subjects with coronary artery disease. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2005; 60(5):459-68. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02479.x] [PMID] [PMCID]

Salloum FN, Chau VQ, Hoke NN, Kukreja RC. Tadalafil prevents acute heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in mice. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. 2014; 28(6):493-500. [DOI:10.1007/s10557-014-6559-0] [PMID] [PMCID]

Nikitina IL, Gaysina GG, Galimov SN, Bulygin KV, Galimova EF, Pavlov VN. [Safety of tadalafil in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities (Russian)]. Urologiia. 2019(1):119-24. [DOI:10.18565/urology.2019.1.119-124]

D‘Errico S, Bonuccelli D, Neri M. Post-coital death in chronic sildenafil abuser. Journal of Geriatric Cardiology. 2020; 17(3):169-72. [PMID]

Lindau ST, Schumm LP, Laumann EO, Levinson W, O‘Muircheartaigh CA, Waite LJ. A study of sexuality and health among older adults in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine. 2007; 357(8):762-74. [DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa067423] [PMID] [PMCID]