Vaezi MF, Pandolfino JE, Yadlapati RH, et al. ACG clinical guidelines: diagnosis and management of achalasia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2020;115(9):1393–411.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Mari A, Sweis R. Assessment and management of dysphagia and achalasia. Clin Med. 2021;21(2):119–23.
Li MY, Wang QH, Chen RP, et al. Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment progress of achalasia of cardia. World J Clin Cases. 2023;11(8):1741–52.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Riccio F, Costantini M, Salvador R. Esophageal achalasia: diagnostic evaluation. World j surg. 2022;46(7):1516–21.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Andrási L, Paszt A, Simonka Z, et al. Surgical treatment of esophageal achalasia in the era of minimally invasive surgery. JSLS. 2021;25(1):e2020–e99.
Article PubMed Central Google Scholar
Gupta M, Ghoshal UC, Jindal S, et al. Respiratory dysfunction is common in patients with achalasia and improves after pneumatic dilation. Dig Dis Sci. 2014;59(4):744–52.
Ortiz López D, Acosta Mérida MA, Callejón Cara MDM, Gómez Marchena J. Severe respiratory failure secondary to megaesophagus due to terminal achalasia. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2021;113(6):463–4.
Sinan H, Tatum RP, Soares RV, et al. Prevalence of respiratory symptoms in patients with achalasia. Dis Esophagus. 2011;24(4):224–8.
Blaney H, Agrawal N, Ashfaq S, Naumann C. Achalasia revealed by respiratory failure and hemodynamic instability. ACG Case Rep J. 2020;7(1):e298.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Pandolfino JE, Gawron AJ. Achalasia: a systematic review. JAMA. 2015;313(18):1841–52.
Bello CT, Lewin JR, Norris CM, Farrar GE Jr. Achalasia (cardiospasm); report of a case with extreme and unusual manifestations. Ann Intern Med. 1950;32(6):1184–90.
Giustra PE, Killoran PJ, Wasgatt WN. Acute stridor in achalasia of the esophagus (cardiospasm). Am J Gastroenterol. 1973;60(2):160–4.
McLean RD, Stewart CJ, Whyte DG. Acute thoracic inlet obstruction in achalasia of the oesophagus. Thorax. 1976;31(4):456–9.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
King DM, Strickland B. An unusual cause of thoracic inlet obstruction. Br J Radiol. 1979;52(623):910–3.
Chijimatsu Y, Hasumi K, Inatomi K, Tamura M, Homma H. Airway obstruction in achalasia. Chest. 1980;78(2):348–50.
Travis KW, Saini VK, O’Sullivan PT. Upper-airway obstruction and achalasia of the esophagus. Anesthesiology. 1981;54(1):87–8.
Evans CR, Cawood R, Dronfield MW, Mungall IP. Achalasia: presentation with stridor and a new form of treatment. Br Med J. 1982;285(6356):1704. Dec.
Collins MP, Rabie S. Sudden airway obstruction in achalasia. J Laryngol Otol. 1984;98(2):207–11.
ten Brock E, McNally D. Upper airway obstruction in achalasia. Conn Med. 1986;50(1):5–6.
Dominguez F, Hernandez-Ranz F, Boixeda D, Valdazo P. Acute upper-airway obstruction in achalasia of the esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 1987;82(4):362–4.
Moloney JR, Carr-Locke DL, Cookson JB. Stridor due to an achalasia-like condition of the oesophagus. J Laryngol Otol. 1987;101(12):1297–300.
Carlsson-Nordlander B. Acute upper airway obstruction in a patient with achalasia. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1987;113(8):885–7.
Wickramasinghe LS, Chowdhury CR, Pillai SS, Ghosh S. Distended oesophagus as a cause of bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. Postgrad Med J. 1988;64(758):958–9.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Zikk D, Rapoport Y, Halperin D, Papo J, Himelfarb MZ. Acute airway obstruction and achalasia of the esophagus. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1989;98(8 Pt 1):641–3.
Barr GD, MacDonald I. Management of achalasia and laryngo-tracheal compression. J Laryngol Otol. 1989;103(7):713–4.
Becker DJ, Castell DO. Acute airway obstruction in achalasia. Possible role of defective belch reflex. Gastroenterology. 1989;97(5):1323–6.
Westbrook JL. Oesophageal achalasia causing respiratory obstruction. Anaesthesia. 1992;47(1):38–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1992.tb01952.x.
Davis JP, Hyde JA. Management of acute dilatation of the oesophagus presenting as stridor. J Laryngol Otol. 1992;106(8):744–5.
Panzini L, Traube M. Stridor from tracheal obstruction in a patient with achalasia. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88(7):1097–100.
Ali GN, Hunt DR, Jorgensen JO, deCarle DJ, Cook IJ. Esophageal achalasia and coexistent upper esophageal sphincter relaxation disorder presenting with airway obstruction. Gastroenterology. 1995;109(4):1328–32.
Campbell KL, Logie JR, Munro A. Cricopharyngeus myotomy for upper airway obstruction in achalasia. Br J Surg. 1995;82(12):1668–9.
Tasker AD. Achalasia: an unusual cause of stridor. Clin Radiol. 1995;50(7):496–8.
Dunlop SP, Travis SP. Achalasia presenting as acute stridor. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1997;9(11):1125–8.
Turkot S, Golzman B, Kogan J, Valid BE, Lebovici O, Oren S. Acute upper-airway obstruction in a patient with achalasia. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;29(5):687–9.
Berrisford RG, Oo A, Walshaw MJ, Drakeley MJ. Tracheal obstruction in achalasia: a role for airway stenting? Ann Thorac Surg. 1998;66(3):939–41.
Requena R, Hart AK, Kuhn JJ. Acute upper airway obstruction in achalasia. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999;120(1):105–8.
Hay H. Rapidly developing airway obstruction resulting from achalasia of the oesophagus. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2000;17(6):398–400.
Arcos E, Medina C, Mearin F, Larish J, Guarner L, Malagelada JR. Achalasia presenting as acute airway obstruction. Dig Dis Sci. 2000;45(10):2079–83.
留言 (0)