Thair H, Holloway AL, Newport R, Smith AD (2017) Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): a beginner’s guide for design and implementation. Front Neurosci 11:641

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Parent A (2004) Giovanni Aldini: from animal electricity to human brain stimulation. Can J Neurol Sci 31(4):576–584

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kuo M-F, Chen P-S, Nitsche MA (2017) The application of tDCS for the treatment of psychiatric diseases. Int Rev Psychiatry 29(2):146–167

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Elsner B, Kugler J, Pohl M, Mehrholz J (2019) Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving aphasia in adults with aphasia after stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 5:CD009760

PubMed  Google Scholar 

San-Juan D, Morales-Quezada L, Garduño AJO, Alonso-Vanegas M, González-Aragón MF, López D, AE, Fregni F (2015) Transcranial direct current stimulation in epilepsy. Brain Stimul 8(3):455–464

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Santos Ferreira I, Teixeira Costa B, Lima Ramos C, Lucena P, Thibaut A, Fregni F (2019) Searching for the optimal tDCS target for motor rehabilitation. J Neuroeng Rehabil 16(1):90

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hameed MQ, Dhamne SC, Gersner R, Kaye HL, Oberman LM, Pascual-Leone A, Rotenberg A (2017) Transcranial magnetic and direct current stimulation in children. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 17:1–15

Article  Google Scholar 

Giuffre A, Zewdie E, Wrightson JG, Cole L, Carlson HL, Kuo HC, Kirton A (2021) Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and High-Definition Transcranial Direct current stimulation enhanced Motor Learning on Robotic Transcranial magnetic Stimulation Motor maps in Children. Front Hum Neurosci 15:747840

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ko EJ, Hong MJ, Choi EJ, Yuk JS, Yum MS, Sung IY (2021) Effect of Anodal Transcranial Direct current stimulation combined with cognitive training for improving Cognition and Language among Children with cerebral Palsy with Cognitive Impairment: a pilot, Randomized, controlled, Double-Blind, and clinical trial. Front Pediatr 9:713792

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Salehinejad MA, Ghanavati E, Glinski B, Hallajian AH, Azarkolah A (2022) A systematic review of randomized controlled trials on efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation in major neurodevelopmental disorders: ADHD, autism, and dyslexia. Brain Behav 12(9):e2724

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Baeken C, Brunelin J, Duprat R, Vanderhasselt MA (2016) The application of tDCS in psychiatric disorders: a brain imaging view. Socioaffect Neurosci Psychol 6:29588

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bikson M, Grossman P, Thomas C, Zannou AL, Jiang J, Adnan T, Woods AJ (2016) Safety of transcranial direct current stimulation: evidence based update 2016. Brain Stimul 9(5):641–661

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Antal A, Alekseichuk I, Bikson M, Brockmöller J, Brunoni AR, Chen R, Paulus W (2017) Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines. Clin Neurophysiol 128(9):1774–1809

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Matsumoto H, Ugawa Y (2017) Adverse events of tDCS and tACS: a review. Clin Neurophysiol Pract 2:19–25

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Leffa DT, Grevet EH, Bau CHD, Schneider M, Ferrazza CP, da Silva RF, Rohde LA (2022) Transcranial direct current stimulation vs sham for the treatment of inattention in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the TUNED randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry 79(9):847–856

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gallop L, Westwood SJ, Lewis Y, Campbell IC, Schmidt U (2023) Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in children and young people with psychiatric disorders: a systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 33(9):3003–3023

Woods AJ, Antal A, Bikson M, Boggio PS, Brunoni AR, Celnik P, Cohen LG, Fregni F, Herrmann CS, Kappenman ES, Knotkova H, Liebetanz D, Miniussi C, Miranda PC, Paulus W, Priori A, Reato D, Stagg C, Wenderoth N, Nitsche MA (2016) A technical guide to tDCS, and related non-invasive brain stimulation tools. Clin Neurophysiol 127(2):1031–1048

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nitsche MA, Paulus W (2000) Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. J Physiol 527(3):633–639

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Stagg CJ, Antal A, Nitsche MA (2018) Physiology of transcranial direct current stimulation. J ECT 34(3):144–152

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nitsche MA, Fricke K, Henschke U, Schlitterlau A, Liebetanz D, Lang N, Henning S, Tergau F, Paulus W (2003) Pharmacological modulation of cortical excitability shifts induced by transcranial direct current stimulation in humans. J Physiol 553(1):293–301

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nitsche MA, Lampe C, Antal A, Liebetanz D, Lang N, Tergau F, Paulus W (2006) Dopaminergic modulation of long-lasting direct current-induced cortical excitability changes in the human motor cortex: dopamine in human neuroplasticity. Eur J Neurosci 23(6):1651–1657

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stagg CJ, Best JG, Stephenson MC, O’Shea J, Wylezinska M, Kincses ZT, Morris PG, Matthews PM, Johansen-Berg H (2009) Polarity-sensitive modulation of cortical neurotransmitters by transcranial stimulation. J Neurosci 29(16):5202–5206

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Krause B, Márquez-Ruiz J, Kadosh RC (2013) The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation: a role for cortical excitation/inhibition balance? Front Hum Neurosci 7:602

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Muszkat D, Polanczyk GV, Dias TGC, Brunoni AR (2016) Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 26(7):590–597

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ciechanski P, Carlson HL, Yu SS, Kirton A (2018) Modeling Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation-Induced Electric fields in children and adults. Front Hum Neurosci 12:268

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Moliadze V, Schmanke T, Andreas S, Lyzhko E, Freitag CM, Siniatchkin M (2015) Stimulation intensities of transcranial direct current stimulation have to be adjusted in children and adolescents. Clin Neurophysiol 126(7):1392–1399

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Westwood SJ, Radua J, Rubia K (2021) Noninvasive brain stimulation in children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatry Neurosci 46(1):E14–E33

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Struckmann W, Bodén R, Gingnell M, Fällmar D, Persson J (2022) Modulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex functional connectivity after intermittent theta-burst stimulation in depression: combining findings from fNIRS and fMRI. Neuroimage Clin 34:103028

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Davis NJ (2014) Transcranial stimulation of the developing brain: a plea for extreme caution. Front Hum Neurosci 8:600

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Amatachaya A, Auvichayapat N, Patjanasoontorn N, Suphakunpinyo C, Ngernyam N, Aree-Uea B, Keeratitanont K, Auvichayapat P (2014) Effect of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation on autism: a randomized double-blind crossover trial. Behav Neurol 2014:173073

Amatachaya A, Jensen MP, Patjanasoontorn N, Auvichayapat N, Suphakunpinyo C, Janjarasjitt S, Ngernyam N, Aree-Uea B, Auvichayapat P (2015) The short-term effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on electroencephalography in children with autism: a randomized crossover controlled trial. Behav Neurol 2015:928631

Araujo MO, Tamplain P, Duarte NAC, Comodo ACM, Ferreira GOA, Queiróga A, Oliveira CS, Collange-Grecco LA (2023) Transcranial direct current stimulation to facilitate neurofunctional rehabilitation in children with autism spectrum disorder: a protocol for a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Front Neurol 14:1196585

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Auvichayapat P, Intayot K, Udomchat C, Suphakunpinyo C, Patjanasoontorn N, Keeratitanont K, Tunkamnerdthai O, Jensen MP, Humbert AT, Auvichayapat N (2022) Long-term effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Dev Med Child Neurol 65(6):811–820

Article  PubMed