An Extremely Rare Case of Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum Due to Rupture of Ectopic Varices in Cirrhosis of Liver

Spontaneous hemoperitoneum in cirrhotic patients is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition that requires prompt recognition and intervention. While most cases of non-traumatic hemoperitoneum are associated with gynecological causes, this report highlights a rare instance of spontaneous hemoperitoneum due to the rupture of ectopic varices in a cirrhotic patient. In our case, we found ectopic varices and hemoperitoneum. With laparoscopy, we identified and successfully sealed the ruptured varices, achieving hemostasis. The patient had an uneventful recovery. This case emphasizes the need for high clinical suspicion, advanced imaging, and early surgical intervention in such cases. Furthermore, it introduces laparoscopy as a potential approach to managing ectopic variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients, which has not been previously documented in the literature.

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