Chronic Constipation: Patient Characteristics, Indications, and Outcome of Surgery—An Indian Study

Chronic constipation is a gastrointestinal condition which significantly affects the quality of life in the majority. Its prevalence is reported to be 14% in India. Initial treatment is medical including dietary, lifestyle modifications, laxatives, enterokinetic, secretagogues, biofeedback therapy and sacral nerve modulation. Patients with intractable symptoms and not responding to nonsurgical treatment may benefit from surgery. Here we present our experience with surgery in patients with chronic constipation and its outcomes from a tertiary care teaching hospital in north India. This was a retrospective analysis of patients who had undergone surgery for chronic constipation after failure of non-surgical treatment between 2009-2021 .Chronic constipation was defined according to Rome IV criteria. Patients included were constipation with rectal prolapse, slow transit constipation, constipation with rectocele and others. Response to treatment was defined by number of spontaneous bowel movement (SBM) per day, need of laxatives and satisfaction as defined by with minimum of one SBM per day. Spontaneous Bowel movement improved from median of 3.5 to 10 per week in patients of constipation with prolapse, in patients of Slow transit constipations (STC) and with rectocele it improved from median of 2 to 8 per week and in other patients of Paradoxical puborectalis Syndrome (PPS), IAS spasm and recto rectal intussusception had follow up stool frequency of 10/week following surgical treatment (p < 0.0001). Detailed clinical history, examination, appropriate investigations, and well-guided surgery can lead to good functional outcomes in terms of bowel movement, patient satisfaction, and reduced need for laxatives, with acceptable and manageable morbidities in patients with chronic constipation.

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