Front. Oncol.

Sec. Radiation Oncology

Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1515756

Provisionally accepted

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

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Background: We conducted the meta-analysis to compare the therapeutic effects of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) based on short-course radiotherapy followed by consolidation chemotherapy (SCRT/CCT) and long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCCRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) according to certain significant randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Methods: The researchers retrieved several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, to collect all the relevant literature published since the establishment of the databases until July 30, 2024, and then screened to determine the qualified literature and extracted the relevant information.Finally, RevMan 5.4 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis. There were 9 study indicators, including pCR rate, tumor downstaging rate, R0 resection rate, 2 sphincter preservation rate, disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), acute ≥3 grade toxicity rate, surgery complication rate, and distant recurrence rate. When moderate heterogeneity was found, a random-effect model was applied.Results: A total of 6 eligible RCTs and 2259 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the standard LCCRT, TNT treatment on the basis of SCRT/CCT increased pCR rate significantly [RR = 1.67, 95% CI (1.36, 2.04), P

Keywords: Locally advanced rectal cancer, short-course radiotherapy, Consolidation Chemotherapy, Total neoadjuvant therapy, Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, Pathological complete response, overall survival, Disease free survival

Received: 23 Oct 2024; Accepted: 02 Dec 2024.

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