Authors: Liliana SACHELARIE, Eliza DRĂGAN, Cristina ALBERT, Delia BAHRIM, Cătălin JOACABINE, Viorel ŢARCĂ, Aurel APINTILIESEI

Biocompatibility is a cornerstone of dental material development, ensuring that these materials interact safely and effectively with oral tissues. This review explores the biocompatibility of commonly used dental materials, including composites, ceramics, metals, and bioceramics, while addressing their potential toxicological, immunological, and inflammatory effects. Methods for evaluating biocompatibility, such as in vitro and in vivo studies, are discussed alongside clinical observations.The review also highlights key challenges, including releasing toxic compounds, allergic reactions, and long-term stability in the oral environment. Recent innovations, such as nanomaterials, bioactive compounds, and 3D-printed biomaterials, are examined for their potential to enhance material performance and patient outcomes. By synthesizing current knowledge, this review provides insights into the future directions of dental material
research, emphasizing the importance of biocompatibility in advancing restorative and regenerative dentistry.

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