Akman O, Demiralp T, Ates N, Onat FY (2010) Electroencephalographic differences between WAG/Rij and GAERS rat models of absence epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 89(2–3):185–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.12.005

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Arellano JI, Benavides-Piccione R, DeFelipe J, Yuste R (2007) Ultrastructure of dendritic spines: correlation between synaptic and spine morphologies. Front Neurosci 1:42. https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.01.1.1.010.2007

Article  Google Scholar 

Avanzi R, Cavarsan C, Santos J Jr, Hamani C, Mello L, Covolan L (2010) Basal dendrites are present in newly born dentate granule cells of young but not aged pilocarpine-treated chronic epileptic rats. Neuroscience 170(3):687–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.08.004

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bittencourt S, Covolan L, Hamani C et al (2015) Replacement of asymmetric synaptic profiles in the molecular layer of dentate gyrus following cycloheximide in the pilocarpine model in rats. Front Psych 6:157. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00157

Article  Google Scholar 

Blümcke I, Zuschratter W, Schewe JC et al (1999) Cellular pathology of hilar neurons in Ammon’s horn sclerosis. J Comparat Neurol 414(4):437–453. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19991129)414:4%3c437::aid-cne2%3e3.0.co;2-3

Article  Google Scholar 

Burgos IG, Nikonenko I, Korz V (2012) Dendritic spine plasticity and cognition. Neural Plast. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/875156

Article  Google Scholar 

Calverley R, Jones D (1990) Contributions of dendritic spines and perforated synapses to synaptic plasticity. Brain Res Rev 15(3):215–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0173(90)90002-6

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Çarçak N, Ferrandon A, Koning E et al (2009) Effect of stage 2 kindling on local cerebral blood flow rates in rats with genetic absence epilepsy. Epilepsia 50(1):33–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01712.x

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Çarçak N, Dileköz E, Gülhan R, Onur R, Onat FY, Sara Y (2016) Increased inhibitory synaptic activity in the hippocampus (CA1) of genetic absence epilepsy rats: Relevance of kindling resistance. Epilepsy Res 126:70–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.06.013

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Depaulis A, Charpier S (2018) Pathophysiology of absence epilepsy: Insights from genetic models. Neurosci Lett 667:53–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2017.02.035

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fisher RS, Cross JH, French JA et al (2017) Operational classification of seizure types by the International League against epilepsy: position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology. Epilepsia 58(4):522–530. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.13670

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Flores-Soto M, Romero-Guerrero C, Vázquez-Hernández N et al (2021) Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in adult rats are associated with plastic changes to the dendritic spines on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Behav Brain Res 406:113198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113198

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Guilhoto LM (2017) Absence epilepsy: continuum of clinical presentation and epigenetics? Seizure 44:53–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2016.11.031

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

He L-X, Wan L, Xiang W, Li J-M, Pan A-H, Lu D-H (2020) Synaptic development of layer V pyramidal neurons in the prenatal human prefrontal neocortex: a Neurolucida-aided Golgi study. Neural Regen Res 15(8):1490–1495. https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.274345

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hering H, Sheng M (2001) Dentritic spines: structure, dynamics and regulation. Nat Rev Neurosci 2(12):880–888. https://doi.org/10.1038/35104061

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hotulainen P, Hoogenraad CC (2010) Actin in dendritic spines: connecting dynamics to function. J Cell Biol 189(4):619–629. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201003008

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ilbay G, Balıkcı A, Köktürk S et al (2022) Neonatal tactile stimulation downregulates dendritic spines in layer V pyramidal neurons of the WAG/Rij rat somatosensory cortex. Neural Plast. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7251460

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Isokawa M, Levesque MF (1991) Increased NMDA responses and dendritic degeneration in human epileptic hippocampal neurons in slices. Neurosci Lett 132(2):212–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(91)90304-c

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jiang M, Lee CL, Smith KL, Swann JW (1998) Spine loss and other persistent alterations of hippocampal pyramidal cell dendrites in a model of early-onset epilepsy. J Neurosci 18(20):8356–8368. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-20-08356.1998

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Karpova AV, Bikbaev AF, Coenen AM, van Luijtelaar G (2005) Morphometric Golgi study of cortical locations in WAG/Rij rats: the cortical focus theory. Neurosci Res 51(2):119–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2004.10.004

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kasai H, Matsuzaki M, Noguchi J, Yasumatsu N, Nakahara H (2003) Structure–stability–function relationships of dendritic spines. Trends Neurosci 26(7):360–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00162-0

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kuo TY, Chen CY, Hsueh YP (2010) Bcl11A/CTIP1 mediates the effect of the glutamate receptor on axon branching and dendrite outgrowth. J Neurochem 114(5):1381–1392. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06852.x

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lanoue V, Cooper HM (2019) Branching mechanisms shaping dendrite architecture. Dev Biol 451(1):16–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.12.005

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Leresche N, Lambert RC, Errington AC, Crunelli V (2012) From sleep spindles of natural sleep to spike and wave discharges of typical absence seizures: is the hypothesis still valid? Pflügers Archiv-Eur J Physiol 463:201–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-011-1009-3

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Luijtelaar G, Zobeiri M, Luttjohann A, Depaulis A (2017) Experimental treatment options in absence epilepsy. Curr Pharmac des 23(37):5577–5592. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612823666171017170226

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Matsuzaki M, Ellis-Davies GC, Nemoto T, Miyashita Y, Iino M, Kasai H (2001) Dendritic spine geometry is critical for AMPA receptor expression in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Nat Neurosci 4(11):1086–1092. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn736

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Matsuzaki M, Honkura N, Ellis-Davies GC, Kasai H (2004) Structural basis of long-term potentiation in single dendritic spines. Nature 429(6993):761–766. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02617

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McCormick DA, Contreras D (2001) On the cellular and network bases of epileptic seizures. Annu Rev Physiol 63(1):815–846. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.63.1.815

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Meeren HK, Pijn JPM, Van Luijtelaar EL, Coenen AM, da Silva FHL (2002) Cortical focus drives widespread corticothalamic networks during spontaneous absence seizures in rats. J Neurosci 22(4):1480–1495. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-04-01480.2002

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Googl