Hirzinger C, Tauber M, Resch H (2011) Die Fraktur des proximalen Humerus: Neue Aspekte in der Epidemiologie, Frakturmorphologie und Diagnostik. Unfallchirurg 114:1051–1058. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-011-2052-4

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Baker HP, Gutbrod J, Cahill M, Shi L (2023) Optimal Treatment of Proximal Humeral Fractures in the Elderly: Risks and Management Challenges. Orthop Res Rev 15:129–137

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Patel AH, Wilder JH, Ofa SA et al (2022) Trending a decade of proximal humerus fracture management in older adults. JSES Int 6:137–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseint.2021.08.006

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kruithof RN, Formijne Jonkers HA, van der Ven DJC et al (2017) Functional and quality of life outcome after non-operatively managed proximal humeral fractures. J Orthop Traumatol 18:423–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10195-017-0468-5

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cazeneuve JF, Cristofari DJ (2009) Delta III reverse shoulder arthroplasty: Radiological outcome for acute complex fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 95:325–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otsr.2009.03.018

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gallinet D, Clappaz P, Garbuio P et al (2009) Three or four parts complex proximal humerus fractures: Hemiarthroplasty versus reverse prosthesis: A comparative study of 40 cases. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 95:48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otsr.2008.09.002

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Reitman RD, Kerzhner E (2011) Reverse shoulder arthoplasty as treatment for comminuted proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 40:458–461

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Valenti P, Zampeli F, Ciais G et al (2020) The initial treatment of complex proximal humerus fracture affects the outcome of revision with reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Int Orthop 44:1331–1340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-020-04612-y/Published

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wall B, Walch G (2007) Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Proximal Humeral Fractures. Hand Clin 23:425–430

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Klein M, Juschka M, Hinkenjann B et al (2008) Treatment of comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients with the Delta III reverse shoulder prosthesis. J Orthop Trauma 22:698–704. https://doi.org/10.1097/BOT.0b013e31818afe40

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bufquin T, Hersan A, Hubert L, Massin P (2007) Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of three-and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly: A prospective review of 43 cases with a short-term follow-up. J Bone Joint Surgery [Br] 89:516–520. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.89B4

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Youn SM, Deo S, Poon PC (2016) Functional and radiologic outcomes of uncemented reverse shoulder arthroplasty in proximal humeral fractures: Cementing the humeral component is not necessary. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 25:e83–e89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2015.09.007

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Litchfield RB, McKee MD, Balyk R et al (2011) Cemented versus uncemented fixation of humeral components in total shoulder arthroplasty for osteoarthritis of the shoulder: a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial-A JOINTs Canada Project. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 20:529–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2011.01.041

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Phadnis J, Huang T, Watts A et al (2016) Cemented or cementless humeral fixation in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty? a systematic review. Bone Joint J 98-B:65–74. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.98B1.36336

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Formaini NT, Everding NG, Levy JC, Rosas S (2015) Tuberosity healing after reverse shoulder arthroplasty for acute proximal humerus fractures: The “black and tan” technique. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 24:e299–e306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2015.04.014

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Singh A, Padilla M, Nyberg EM et al (2017) Cement technique correlates with tuberosity healing in hemiarthroplasty for proximal humeral fracture. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 26:437–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2016.08.003

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Berman AT, Reid JS, Yanicko DR, et al (1984) Thermally induced bone necrosis in rabbits. Relation to implant failure in humans. Clin Orthop Relat Res 284–92

King JJ, Farmer KW, Struk AM, Wright TW (2015) Uncemented versus cemented humeral stem fixation in reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Int Orthop 39:291–298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-014-2593-6

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wiater JM, Moravek JE, Budge MD et al (2014) Clinical and radiographic results of cementless reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: A comparative study with 2 to 5years of follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 23:1208–1214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2013.11.032

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rossi LA, Tanoira I, Ranalletta M et al (2022) Cemented vs. uncemented reverse shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humeral fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 31:e101–e119

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Neer CS (1970) Displaced proximal humeral fractures. I. Classification and evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 52:1077–1089

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hess F, Bohnert L, Jaberg L et al (2020) Tuberosity union in patients with proximal humerus fractures treated with reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a technical note and exploratory analysis. Int Orthop 44:2711–2717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-020-04831-3/Published

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Spross C, Kaestle N, Benninger E et al (2015) Deltoid Tuberosity Index: A Simple Radiographic Tool to Assess Local Bone Quality in Proximal Humerus Fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 473:3038–3045. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-015-4322-x

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lévigne C, Boileau P, Favard L et al (2008) Scapular notching in reverse shoulder arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 17:925–935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2008.02.010

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sirveaux F, Favard L, Oudet D et al (2004) Grammont inverted total shoulder arthroplasty in the treatment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis with massive rupture of the cuff: Results of a multicentre study of 80 shoulders. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 86:388–395. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.86B3

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Lo EY, Rizkalla J, Montemaggi P et al (2021) Clinical and radiographic outcomes of cementless reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humeral fractures. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 30:1949–1956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2020.11.009

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jorge-Mora A, Amhaz-Escanlar S, Fernández-Pose S et al (2019) Early outcomes of locked noncemented stems for the management of proximal humeral fractures: a comparative study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 28:48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2018.05.036

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Grubhofer F, Wieser K, Meyer DC et al (2016) Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for acute head-splitting, 3- and 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 25:1690–1698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2016.02.024

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Krishnan SG, Reineck JR, Bennion PD et al (2011) Shoulder arthroplasty for fracture: Does a fracture-specific stem make a difference? Clin Orthop Relat Res 469:3317–3323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-011-1919-6

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jain NP, Mannan SS, Dharmarajan R, Rangan A (2019) Tuberosity healing after reverse shoulder arthroplasty for complex proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients—does it improve outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 28:e78–e91

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

He SK, Liao JP, Guo JH, Huang FG (2021) Fracture-Dedicated Prosthesis Promotes the Healing Rate of Greater Tuberosity in Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis. Front Surg 8:616104

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Fischer J, Welter JE, Horn N et al (2023) Is malunion of the greater tuberosity after reverse shoulder arthroplasty in patients with complex proximal humerus fracture associated with worse clinical outcomes? A prospective cohort study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 143:6527–6533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-023-04951-6

Article  PubMed