European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma (2018) J Hepatol. 69:182-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.019
Marrero JA, Kulik LM, Sirlin CB, Zhu AX, Finn RS, Abecassis MM, Roberts LR, Heimbach JK (2018) Diagnosis, staging, and management of hepatocellular carcinoma: 2018 practice guidance by the american association for the study of liver diseases. Hepatology 68:723–750. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.29913
Heimbach JK, Kulik LM, Finn RS, Sirlin CB, Abecassis MM, Roberts LR, Zhu AX, Murad MH, Marrero JA (2018) AASLD guidelines for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 67:358–380. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.29086
Omata M, Cheng AL, Kokudo N, Kudo M, Lee JM, Jia J, Tateishi R, Han KH, Chawla YK, Shiina S, Jafri W, Payawal DA, Ohki T, Ogasawara S, Chen PJ, Lesmana CRA, Lesmana LA, Gani RA, Obi S, Dokmeci AK, Sarin SK (2017) Asia-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma: a 2017 update. Hepatol Int 11:317–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-017-9799-9
Korean Liver Cancer Association; National Cancer Center (2019) 2018 Korean Liver Cancer Association-National Cancer Center Korea Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gut Liver 13:227-299. https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl19024
Park HJ, Choi BI, Lee ES, Park SB, Lee JB (2017) How to differentiate borderline hepatic nodules in hepatocarcinogenesis: emphasis on imaging diagnosis. Liver Cancer 6:189–203. https://doi.org/10.1159/000455949
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Shah A, Tang A, Santillan C, Sirlin C (2016) Cirrhotic liver: what’s that nodule? The LI-RADS approach. J Magn Reson Imaging 43:281–294. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.24937
Galia M, Agnello F, Sparacia G, Matranga D, Albano D, Midiri M, Lagalla R (2018) Evolution of indeterminate hepatocellular nodules at Gd-EOB-DPTA-enhanced MRI in cirrhotic patients. Radiol Med 123:489–497. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-018-0873-8
American College of Radiology. CT/MRI Liver imaging reporting and data system v2018 core. https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/RADS/LI-RADS/LI-RADS-2018-Core.pdf. Accessed December 2022.
Wald C, Russo MW, Heimbach JK, Hussain HK, Pomfret EA, Bruix J (2013) New OPTN/UNOS policy for liver transplant allocation: standardization of liver imaging, diagnosis, classification, and reporting of hepatocellular carcinoma. Radiology 266:376–382. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.12121698
Corwin MT, Fananapazir G, Jin M, Lamba R, Bashir MR (2016) Differences in liver imaging and reporting data system categorization between MRI and CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 206:307–312. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.15.14788
Hope TA, Aslam R, Weinstein S, Yeh BM, Corvera CU, Monto A, Yee J (2017) Change in liver imaging reporting and data system characterization of focal liver lesions using gadoxetate disodium magnetic resonance imaging compared with contrast-enhanced computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 41:376–381. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000000536
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Basha MAA, AlAzzazy MZ, Ahmed AF, Yousef HY, Shehata SM, El Sammak DAEA, Fathy T, Obaya AA, Abdelbary EH (2018) Does a combined CT and MRI protocol enhance the diagnostic efficacy of LI-RADS in the categorization of hepatic observations? A prospective comparative study. Eur Radiol 28:2592–2603. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-5232-y
Chernyak V, Flusberg M, Law A, Kobi M, Paroder V, Rozenblit AM (2018) Liver imaging reporting and data system: discordance between computed tomography and gadoxetate-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma major features. J Comput Assist Tomogr 42:155–161. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000000642
Hanna RF, Miloushev VZ, Tang A, Finklestone LA, Brejt SZ, Sandhu RS, Santillan CS, Wolfson T, Gamst A, Sirlin CB (2016) Comparative 13-year meta-analysis of the sensitivity and positive predictive value of ultrasound, CT, and MRI for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY) 41:71–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-015-0592-8
Roberts LR, Sirlin CB, Zaiem F, Almasri J, Prokop LJ, Heimbach JK, Murad MH, Mohammed K (2018) Imaging for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatology 67:401–421. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.29487
Marks RM, Masch WR, Chernyak V (2021) LI-RADS: past, present, and future, from the AJR special series on radiology reporting and data systems. AJR Am J Roentgenol 216:295–304. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.20.24272
van der Pol CB, Lim CS, Sirlin CB, McGrath TA, Salameh JP, Bashir MR, Tang A, Singal AG, Costa AF, Fowler K, McInnes MDF (2019) Accuracy of the liver imaging reporting and data system in computed tomography and magnetic resonance image analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma or overall malignancy-a systematic review. Gastroenterology 156:976–986. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2018.11.020
Mitchell DG, Bashir MR, Sirlin CB (2018) Management implications and outcomes of LI-RADS-2, -3, -4, and -M category observations. Abdom Radiol (NY) 43:143–148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-017-1251-z
Tanimoto A, Lee JM, Murakami T, Huppertz A, Kudo M, Grazioli L (2009) Consensus report of the 2nd international forum for liver MRI. Eur Radiol Suppl 5:S975–S989. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-009-1624-y
Tamada T, Ito K, Yoshida K, Sone T, Murakami K, Kanki A, Watanabe S, Higashi H, Yamashita T (2010) T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the liver: evaluation of the effect in signal intensity after Gd-EOB-DTPA enhancement. J Comput Assist Tomogr 34:182–186. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0b013e3181bc961b
Muhi A, Ichikawa T, Motosugi U, Sou H, Sano K, Araki T (2012) Diffusion- and T2-weighted MR imaging of the liver: effect of intravenous administration of gadoxetic acid disodium. Magn Reson Med Sci 11:185–191. https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.11.185
Forner A, Vilana R, Ayuso C, Bianchi L, Solé M, Ayuso JR, Boix L, Sala M, Varela M, Llovet JM, Brú C, Bruix J (2008) Diagnosis of hepatic nodules 20 mm or smaller in cirrhosis: prospective validation of the noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 47:97–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.21966
Khalili K, Kim TK, Jang HJ, Yazdi LK, Guindi M, Sherman M (2011) Indeterminate 1–2-cm nodules found on hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance: biopsy for all, some, or none? Hepatology 54:2048–2054. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.24638
Benchoufi M, Matzner-Lober E, Molinari N, Jannot AS, Soyer P (2020) Interobserver agreement issues in radiology. Diagn Interv Imaging 101:639–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2020.09.001
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Huppertz A, Balzer T, Blakeborough A, Breuer J, Giovagnoni A, Heinz-Peer G, Laniado M, Manfredi RM, Mathieu DG, Mueller D, Reimer P, Robinson PJ, Strotzer M, Taupitz M, Vogl TJ; European EOB Study Group (2004) Improved detection of focal liver lesions at MR imaging: multicenter comparison of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR images with intraoperative findings. Radiology 230:266-275. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2301020269.
Akai H, Kiryu S, Takao H, Tajima T, Shibahara J, Imamura H, Kokudo N, Akahane M, Ohtomo K (2009) Efficacy of double-arterial phase gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging compared with double-arterial phase multi-detector row helical computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 33:887–892. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0b013e3181a1ca7e
Kim SH, Kim SH, Lee J, Kim MJ, Jeon YH, Park Y, Choi D, Lee WJ, Lim HK (2009) Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI versus triple-phase MDCT for the preoperative detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 192:1675–1681. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.08.1262
Kim YK, Kim CS, Han YM, Kwak HS, Jin GY, Hwang SB, Chung GH, Lee SY, Yu HC (2009) Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma: gadoxetic acid-enhanced 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging versus multi-detector row computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 33:844–850. https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0b013e3181a7e3c7
Ichikawa T, Saito K, Yoshioka N, Tanimoto A, Gokan T, Takehara Y, Kamura T, Gabata T, Murakami T, Ito K, Hirohashi S, Nishie A, Saito Y, Onaya H, Kuwatsuru R, Morimoto A, Ueda K, Kurauchi M, Breuer J (2010) Detection and characterization of focal liver lesions: a Japanese phase III, multicenter comparison between gadoxetic acid disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and contrast-enhanced computed tomography predominantly in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic liver disease. Invest Radiol 45:133–141. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0b013e3181caea5b
Akai H, Kiryu S, Matsuda I, Satou J, Takao H, Tajima T, Watanabe Y, Imamura H, Kokudo N, Akahane M, Ohtomo K (2011) Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma by Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced liver MRI: comparison with triple phase 64 detector row helical CT. Eur J Radiol 80:310–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.07.026
留言 (0)